Miyake Y, Kono S, Nishiwaki M, Hamada H, Nishikawa H, Koga H, Ogawa S
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Ann Epidemiol. 1999 Feb;9(2):121-6. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(98)00051-9.
To examine the relationship of instant coffee and brewed coffee with serum lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese men.
Study subjects were 4587 male self-defense officials aged 48-56 years who had a preretirement health examination at one of the three hospitals of the Self-Defense Forces from October 1986 to December 1992. A self-administered questionnaire ascertained lifestyle characteristics including consumption of a limited number of foods and beverages by all of the men. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were calculated from the values of TC, TG, and HDL cholesterol.
While the consumption of brewed coffee was unrelated to any parameter of serum lipids and lipoproteins, instant coffee consumption showed a highly significant positive association with serum LDL cholesterol levels and an inverse association with serum TG levels. After adjustment for body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, green tea consumption, rank, and hospital, for each cup of instant coffee per day, LDL cholesterol levels were 0.82 mg/dl (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29-1.35) higher, and TG levels in a natural log-scale were 0.014 mg/dl (95% CI 0.006-0.022) lower. There was also a tendency for a positive association between instant coffee intake and serum TC levels (trend p = 0.09). HDL cholesterol levels were unrelated to instant coffee consumption. These associations did not change after additional adjustment for selected foods and beverages associated with serum lipids and lipoproteins.
The findings suggest that instant coffee, not brewed coffee, may be associated with raised levels of serum LDL cholesterol and decreased levels of serum TG.
研究速溶咖啡和煮制咖啡与日本男性血清脂质及脂蛋白之间的关系。
研究对象为4587名年龄在48 - 56岁的男性自卫队官员，他们于1986年10月至1992年12月期间在自卫队的三家医院之一进行了退休前健康检查。通过一份自填式问卷确定了包括所有男性对有限种类食物和饮料的消费情况在内的生活方式特征。测量了血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇的浓度，并根据TC、TG和HDL胆固醇的值计算低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇水平。
虽然煮制咖啡的消费与血清脂质和脂蛋白的任何参数均无关联，但速溶咖啡的消费与血清LDL胆固醇水平呈高度显著正相关，与血清TG水平呈负相关。在对体重指数、吸烟、饮酒、绿茶消费情况、军衔和医院进行调整后，每天每多喝一杯速溶咖啡，LDL胆固醇水平升高0.82 mg/dl（95%置信区间（CI）0.29 - 1.35），自然对数尺度下的TG水平降低0.014 mg/dl（95% CI 0.006 - 0.022）。速溶咖啡摄入量与血清TC水平之间也存在正相关趋势（趋势p = 0.09）。HDL胆固醇水平与速溶咖啡消费无关。在对与血清脂质和脂蛋白相关的特定食物和饮料进行额外调整后，这些关联并未改变。
研究结果表明，可能是速溶咖啡而非煮制咖啡与血清LDL胆固醇水平升高和血清TG水平降低有关。
