Sakkas D, Mariethoz E, Manicardi G, Bizzaro D, Bianchi P G, Bianchi U
Assisted Conception Unit, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Rev Reprod. 1999 Jan;4(1):31-7. doi: 10.1530/ror.0.0040031.
The molecular basis of many forms of male infertility is poorly defined. One area of research that has been studied intensely is the integrity of the DNA in the nucleus of mature ejaculated spermatozoa. It has been shown that, in men with abnormal sperm parameters, the DNA is more likely to possess strand breaks. However, how and why this DNA damage originates in certain males and how it may influence the genetic project of a mature spermatozoon is unknown. Two theories have been proposed to describe the origin of this DNA damage in mature spermatozoa. The first arises from studies performed in animal models and is linked to the unique manner in which mammalian sperm chromatin is packaged, while the second attributes the nuclear DNA damage in mature spermatozoa to apoptosis. One of the factors implicated in sperm apoptosis is the cell surface protein, Fas. In this review, we discuss the possible origins of DNA damage in ejaculated human spermatozoa, how these spermatozoa arrive in the ejaculate of some men, and what consequences they may have if they succeed in their genetic project.
多种形式男性不育的分子基础仍未明确界定。一个受到深入研究的领域是成熟射出精子细胞核中DNA的完整性。研究表明，精子参数异常的男性，其DNA更有可能出现链断裂。然而，这种DNA损伤在某些男性中如何以及为何产生，以及它如何影响成熟精子的遗传计划，目前尚不清楚。已经提出了两种理论来描述成熟精子中这种DNA损伤的起源。第一种理论源于在动物模型中进行的研究，与哺乳动物精子染色质的独特包装方式有关，而第二种理论则将成熟精子中的核DNA损伤归因于细胞凋亡。精子凋亡涉及的因素之一是细胞表面蛋白Fas。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了射出的人类精子中DNA损伤的可能起源、这些精子如何进入某些男性的精液，以及如果它们成功完成遗传计划可能产生的后果。
