Rey D, Pautou M P, Meyran J C
Centre de Biologie Alpine, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France.
J Invertebr Pathol. 1999 Mar;73(2):173-81. doi: 10.1006/jipa.1998.4810.
The impact of tannins on larval Nematocera was investigated by an extensive survey of the relative toxicity of tannic acid in Diptera larvae representative of mosquito communities from alpine hydrosystems (Culicidae, Chaoboridae, Chironomidae, and Simuliidae) together with a nonindigenous vector competent Culicidae species. Bioassays indicate that exposure to tannic acid at concentrations from 0.25 to 4 mM is deleterious for Culex pipiens, Simulium variegatum, and Chironomus annularius, but not for Aedes, Anopheles, Culiseta, and Chaoborus species. Histopathological observations reveal that, among the target organs of tannic acid, mainly the midgut epithelium is affected by treatment. However, the extent of degeneration varies according to the taxon, the duration of the treatment, and the concentrations assayed. The vulnerability of epithelial cells differs among cell types, clear cells of the anterior midgut showing symptoms of intoxication before dark cells of the posterior midgut. The toxic effects of tannic acid are discussed, particularly in comparison to those of insecticidal bacteria, in order to evaluate the potential for use of tannins in the regulation of larval populations of dipteran pests.
通过广泛调查单宁酸对来自高山水系蚊子群落（蚊科、摇蚊科、蚋科和蠓科）的双翅目幼虫以及一种非本地媒介库蚊属有能力的物种的相对毒性，研究了单宁对幼虫双翅目长角亚目的影响。生物测定表明，暴露于浓度为0.25至4 mM的单宁酸对致倦库蚊、黑斑蚋和环足摇蚊有害，但对伊蚊、按蚊、库蠓和幽蚊属物种无害。组织病理学观察表明，在单宁酸的靶器官中，主要是中肠上皮受到处理的影响。然而，退化程度因分类群、处理持续时间和测定浓度而异。上皮细胞的脆弱性在细胞类型之间有所不同，中肠前部的透明细胞在中肠后部的暗细胞之前表现出中毒症状。讨论了单宁酸的毒性作用，特别是与杀虫细菌的毒性作用进行比较，以评估单宁在调节双翅目害虫幼虫种群方面的应用潜力。
