Akkerman K, Lewin T J, Carr V J
Hunter Mental Health Services, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1999 Feb;187(2):80-7. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199902000-00003.
The long-term stability of ego defenses was examined in a group of 68 patients with major depression being treated in a rural private psychiatric practice. Current symptomatology and dispositional characteristics, including defense style (40-item Defense Style Questionnaire), were assessed pretreatment and at approximately 6 months and 2 years after treatment commenced. Age- and gender-matched comparison groups were also selected from two community-based studies that utilized similar instruments and time periods. The major depression group reported significantly lower usage of mature defenses initially, but with recovery they moved progressively toward the range of mature defenses displayed by the nonpatient comparison group. Neurotic defenses were relatively stable throughout the study, as were immature defenses during the first 6 months. Comparisons between patients who discontinued treatment (N = 24) and those who remained in treatment (N = 33) revealed similar rates of symptom reduction; however, the latter group reported continuing reductions in their use of immature defenses, to a level below that of the nonpatient comparison group.
在一家乡村私人精神病诊所对68名重度抑郁症患者进行了自我防御机制长期稳定性的研究。在治疗开始前、治疗开始后约6个月和2年时，对当前症状和性格特征进行评估，包括防御方式（40项防御方式问卷）。还从两项基于社区的研究中选取了年龄和性别匹配的对照组，这两项研究使用了类似的工具和时间段。重度抑郁症组最初报告成熟防御机制的使用率显著较低，但随着病情好转，他们逐渐向非患者对照组所表现出的成熟防御机制范围靠拢。在整个研究过程中，神经症性防御相对稳定，在前6个月里不成熟防御机制也较为稳定。对中断治疗的患者（N = 24）和继续治疗的患者（N = 33）进行比较，结果显示症状减轻的比例相似；然而，后一组报告其不成熟防御机制的使用持续减少，降至低于非患者对照组的水平。
