Akkerman K, Carr V, Lewin T
Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, New South Wales.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1992 Oct;180(10):634-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199210000-00004.
This study aimed to determine whether patterns of ego defense change with short-term treatment of psychiatric illness. The subjects were 37 inpatients and outpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of major depressive disorder being treated using standard clinical methods. Ego defenses before and 7 to 9 weeks after commencement of treatment were measured using a shortened version of the Defense Style Questionnaire. There was a significant decline in the use of immature defenses with symptomatic recovery, but no change in the neurotic or mature defenses. Patients with additional axis I diagnoses and/or abnormal personality traits (N = 15) used more neurotic defenses than their counterparts with major depression alone (N = 22), but this pattern did not change with time. The study demonstrates the short-term mutability of immature defenses in relation to an episode of psychiatric illness and provides empirical support for the concept of temporary regression in the context of psychiatric illness episodes.
本研究旨在确定自我防御模式是否会随着精神疾病的短期治疗而发生变化。研究对象为37名使用标准临床方法治疗的、经DSM-III-R诊断为重度抑郁症的住院患者和门诊患者。使用防御方式问卷的简版测量治疗开始前及开始治疗7至9周后的自我防御。随着症状的恢复，不成熟防御的使用显著减少，但神经质防御或成熟防御没有变化。患有附加轴I诊断和/或异常人格特质的患者（N = 15）比仅患有重度抑郁症的患者（N = 22）使用更多的神经质防御，但这种模式并未随时间改变。该研究证明了不成熟防御在精神疾病发作期间的短期可变性，并为精神疾病发作背景下的暂时退行概念提供了实证支持。
