Wahl D, Lepaux D J, Piquemal R, Frédéric M, Cayrol C, Lecompte T, Thibaut G
Service de médecine H, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France.
Therapie. 1998 Nov-Dec;53(6):575-8.
Prevention of venous thromboembolism is of major importance because deep vein thrombosis is an economic burden. To prevent pulmonary embolism, whether fatal or not, and the postphlebitic syndrome, virtually all patients' level of risk should be assessed in order to provide adequate prophylactic measures against venous thromboembolism. Non-pharmacological, pharmacological or combined modalities can reduce the frequency of venous thrombosis. Evidence-based guidelines are available for most situations in surgical patients. However, in medical patients there are fewer data and there are wide variations of opinion. Systematic reviews should be performed and updated to obtain practice guidelines. Cost and effectiveness as well as patients' preferences should be taken into account. Randomized control trials are ongoing: low-molecular-weight heparins are being evaluated in general medical patients; other forms of prophylaxis or combined methods are also being investigated.
预防静脉血栓栓塞至关重要，因为深静脉血栓形成会带来经济负担。为预防肺栓塞（无论是否致命）和血栓形成后综合征，几乎所有患者的风险水平都应进行评估，以便采取足够的预防静脉血栓栓塞的措施。非药物、药物或联合方式均可降低静脉血栓形成的发生率。外科患者的大多数情况都有循证指南可用。然而，内科患者的数据较少，且观点差异很大。应进行系统评价并更新以获得实践指南。应考虑成本和效益以及患者的偏好。随机对照试验正在进行中：普通内科患者正在评估低分子肝素；其他预防形式或联合方法也在研究中。
