Setchell B P
Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, Australia.
J Reprod Fertil. 1998 Nov;114(2):179-94. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140179.
The evidence for the lower temperature of the testes of many mammals is summarized, and the reasons suggested for the descent of the testes into a scrotum are discussed. Descriptions are given of the various techniques used for studying the effects of heat on the testis, whole body heating, local heating of the testes (by inducing cryptorchidism, scrotal insulation or immersion of the scrotum in a water bath), and heating of tissue or cell preparations in vitro. The effects of heat are discussed, effects on the testis (weight, histology, physiology, biochemistry and endocrinology), on the numbers and motility of spermatozoa in rete testis fluid and semen, on fertilizing ability of spermatozoa and on the subsequent development of the embryos produced when spermatozoa from heated testes are used to fertilize normal ova. The possible mechanisms for the damaging effects of heat are discussed, as well as the importance of heat-induced abnormalities in male reproduction in domestic animals and humans.
总结了许多哺乳动物睾丸温度较低的证据，并讨论了睾丸降至阴囊的原因。介绍了用于研究热对睾丸影响的各种技术，包括全身加热、睾丸局部加热（通过诱发隐睾、阴囊绝缘或阴囊浸入水浴）以及体外组织或细胞制剂加热。讨论了热的影响，包括对睾丸的影响（重量、组织学、生理学、生物化学和内分泌学）、对睾丸网液和精液中精子数量和活力的影响、对精子受精能力的影响以及当使用来自受热睾丸的精子使正常卵子受精时对所产生胚胎后续发育的影响。讨论了热损伤作用的可能机制，以及热诱导的异常在家畜和人类雄性生殖中的重要性。
