Walton W E, Workman P D, Tempelis C H
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
J Med Entomol. 1999 Jan;36(1):30-40. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/36.1.30.
Three mark-recapture studies were carried out at a constructed wetlands facility in San Jacinto, CA, to examine the dispersal and population ecology of the most abundant host-seeking mosquito, Culex erythrothorax Dyar, collected in carbon dioxide-baited traps. Recapture rates were 0.3, 7.4, and 13.9% for August, September, and October, respectively. The mean distance traveled per night was approximately 0.5 km, and females were not recaptured farther than 2 km from the release site. Most marked individuals (> or = 99.5%) were recaptured within 0.5 km of the release point. Marked individuals were recaptured for 33 d after release. Horizontal estimates of survival calculated using recapture data were 0.89, 0.87, and 0.84/d for August, September, and October, respectively. Temporal differences in the recapture rate were attributed to the effects of blood meal acquisition on host-seeking activity versus effects of mortality and strong developmental site fidelity on weekly recapture rates. Partially engorged females collected by CO2-baited traps at the wetland fed predominantly on cattle indicating that host-seeking females were using hosts at dairies surrounding the wetland and were returning to the wetland for resting before seeking an additional blood meal. Estimates of the gonotrophic cycle length and survivorship (vertical estimates) were problematical because of the low parity rates for females collected by CO2-baited traps. Limited dispersal and long survival of Cx. erythrothorax are important factors in the development of large populations at constructed wetlands.
在加利福尼亚州圣哈辛托的一个人工湿地设施中进行了三项标记重捕研究，以研究在二氧化碳诱捕器中捕获的数量最多的宿主搜寻蚊子——红胸库蚊（Culex erythrothorax Dyar）的扩散和种群生态学。8月、9月和10月的重捕率分别为0.3%、7.4%和13.9%。每晚平均移动距离约为0.5公里，未在距离释放点超过2公里处重新捕获到雌性蚊子。大多数被标记个体（≥99.5%）在距离释放点0.5公里范围内被重新捕获。被标记个体在释放后33天内被重新捕获。利用重捕数据计算得出的8月、9月和10月的水平生存估计值分别为0.89/天、0.87/天和0.84/天。重捕率的时间差异归因于获取血餐对宿主搜寻活动的影响，以及死亡率和强烈的发育场所忠诚度对每周重捕率的影响。在湿地通过二氧化碳诱捕器捕获的部分饱腹雌性蚊子主要以牛为食，这表明宿主搜寻雌性蚊子利用湿地周边奶牛场的宿主，并且在寻找额外血餐之前会返回湿地休息。由于通过二氧化碳诱捕器捕获的雌性蚊子的低孕卵率，对生殖营养周期长度和存活率（垂直估计）的估计存在问题。红胸库蚊的有限扩散和长寿命是人工湿地中大量种群发展的重要因素。
