Guy S C, Cahill L
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697-3800, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 1999 Mar;8(1):114-22. doi: 10.1006/ccog.1998.0379.
This study tested the hypothesis that overt rehearsal is sufficient to explain enhanced memory associated with emotion by experimentally manipulating rehearsal of emotional material. Participants viewed two sets of film clips, one set of emotional films and one set of relatively neutral films. One set of films was viewed in each of two sessions, with approximately 1 week between the sessions. Participants were given a free recall test of all of films viewed approximately 1 week after the second session. Rehearsal was manipulated by instructing one group of participants not to discuss the films with anyone (no talk group) and instructing a second group to discuss both sets of films with at least three people (forced talk group). A third group consisted of participants instructed not to discuss the films with anyone, but who did not comply with these instructions (talkers group). All groups recalled significantly more of the emotional films than the neutral films. Furthermore, the relative number of emotional and neutral films recalled did not differ significantly among the three groups. The results indicate that overt rehearsal is insufficient to explain the enhancing effects of emotion on memory.
本研究通过实验性地操纵对情感材料的复述，检验了这样一个假设，即公开复述足以解释与情感相关的记忆增强现象。参与者观看了两组电影片段，一组是情感类电影，另一组是相对中性的电影。两组电影在两个场次中各观看一组，两场之间间隔约1周。在第二场结束约1周后，对参与者观看过的所有电影进行自由回忆测试。通过指示一组参与者不要与任何人讨论电影（无讨论组），并指示另一组与至少三个人讨论两组电影（强制讨论组）来操纵复述。第三组由被指示不要与任何人讨论电影但未遵守这些指示的参与者组成（讨论者组）。所有组对情感类电影的回忆都显著多于中性电影。此外，三组之间回忆的情感类电影和中性电影的相对数量没有显著差异。结果表明，公开复述不足以解释情感对记忆的增强作用。
