Krams M, Quinton R, Ashburner J, Friston K J, Frackowiak R S, Bouloux P M, Passingham R E
Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Neurology. 1999 Mar 10;52(4):816-22. doi: 10.1212/wnl.52.4.816.
To investigate the etiology of mirror movements in patients with X-linked Kallmann's syndrome (xKS) through statistical analysis of pooled white matter data from structural MR images.
Mirror movements occur in 85% of xKS patients. Previous electrophysiologic studies have suggested an abnormal ipsilateral corticospinal tract projection in xKS patients exhibiting mirror movements. However, an alternative hypothesis has proposed a functional lack of transcallosal inhibitory fibers.
T1-weighted brain scans were normalized into stereotaxic space with segregation of gray and white matter to allow comparison of pooled white matter data on a voxel-by-voxel basis using SPM-96 software. Nine xKS patients were compared with two age-matched groups of nonmirroring individuals: nine patients with autosomal Kallmann's syndrome (aKS) and nine age-matched normal (healthy) men.
Hypertrophy of the corpus callosum was found in both Kallmann's syndrome groups: the anterior and midsection in xKS, and the genu and posterior section in aKS. Bilateral hypertrophy of the corticospinal tract was found only in the group of xKS patients exhibiting mirror movements. SPM analysis was validated by an independent region of interest analysis of corpus callosum size.
Although morphometry on its own cannot determine the cause of mirror movements, the specific finding of a hypertrophied corticospinal tract in xKS is consistent with electrophysiologic evidence suggesting that mirror movements in xKS result from abnormal development of the ipsilateral corticospinal tract fibers.
通过对来自结构磁共振成像的汇集白质数据进行统计分析，研究X连锁卡尔曼综合征（xKS）患者镜像运动的病因。
85%的xKS患者会出现镜像运动。先前的电生理研究表明，出现镜像运动的xKS患者同侧皮质脊髓束投射异常。然而，另一种假说是胼胝体抑制纤维功能缺失。
使用SPM - 96软件将T1加权脑扫描归一化到立体定向空间，分离灰质和白质，以便在逐体素基础上比较汇集白质数据。将9名xKS患者与两组年龄匹配的无镜像运动个体进行比较：9名常染色体卡尔曼综合征（aKS）患者和9名年龄匹配的正常（健康）男性。
在两个卡尔曼综合征组中均发现胼胝体肥大：xKS患者的胼胝体前部和中部肥大，aKS患者的胼胝体膝部和后部肥大。仅在出现镜像运动的xKS患者组中发现皮质脊髓束双侧肥大。通过对胼胝体大小进行独立的感兴趣区域分析验证了SPM分析。
虽然形态测量本身不能确定镜像运动的原因，但xKS患者皮质脊髓束肥大这一特定发现与电生理证据一致，表明xKS患者的镜像运动是由同侧皮质脊髓束纤维发育异常所致。
