Garin C F, Juan C, Petitpierre E
Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca 07071,
J Mol Evol. 1999 Apr;48(4):435-44. doi: 10.1007/pl00006488.
The genus Chrysolina consists of specialized phytophagous leaf-beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) with feed on several plant families. There is no explicit phylogenetic hypothesis available for this genus, which includes 65 subgenera and more than 400 species with a wide distribution. We obtained 839-bp sequence data from the 16S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial genes. Thirty Chrysolina taxa representing eight host-plant affiliations, two species of the closely related genus Oreina, and two outgroups were sampled. These data sets were used separately and combined to obtain the mitochondrial cladogram of the group using maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood criteria. The results were compared to current proposals for Chrysolina systematics that are based on morphological, ecological, and karyological data. The trees obtained were in the most part congruent with the proposed ancestral association of Chrysolina to Lamiaceae based on chromosome number in several lineages. A minimum of five host-plant switches from the ancestral state inferred at the family level and two at the subclass level suggests the absence of parallel evolution of beetles and their host plants. Another switch leading to oligophagy at the family level was deduced to have occurred in the lineage of the subgenus Chrysolina s.str.
金叶甲属由专门的植食性叶甲（鞘翅目，叶甲科）组成，以多个植物科为食。目前尚无关于该属的明确系统发育假说，该属包括65个亚属和400多个物种，分布广泛。我们从16S核糖体DNA和细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）线粒体基因中获得了839个碱基对的序列数据。对代表八个寄主植物类群的30个金叶甲分类单元、两个近缘的奥列纳属物种以及两个外类群进行了采样。这些数据集分别使用并合并，以最大简约法和最大似然法标准获得该类群的线粒体系统发育树。将结果与基于形态学、生态学和核型数据的当前金叶甲系统分类学提议进行比较。所获得的系统发育树在很大程度上与基于几个谱系染色体数目的金叶甲与唇形科的拟祖先关联一致。从科级水平推断的祖先状态至少有五次寄主植物转换，在亚纲水平有两次，这表明甲虫与其寄主植物不存在平行进化。另一次导致科级水平寡食性的转换被推断发生在金叶甲亚属的谱系中。
