Torkelson T R, Oyen F, Rowe V K
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1976 Dec;37(12):697-705. doi: 10.1080/0002889768507551.
The acute and chronic toxicity of chloroform has been studied in laboratory animals. An acute oral LD50 of 2.0 (1.0-3.8) g/kg was determined for male rats. When applied to the skin of rabbits, chloroform produced slight to moderate irritation and delayed healing of abraded sking. Absorption of chloroform through the skin of rabbits was apparent but absorption is not expected to present a practical acute hazard. Liquid chloroform produced slight injury to the eyes of rabbits which took over a week to heal. Repeated 1-hour exposures five days per week for six months to either 85.50 or 25 ppm of the vapor of chloroform resulted in adverse effects in all or some species studied: rats, rabbits, guinea pigs and dogs. The effects at 25 ppm were slight and reversible. Rats exposed to 25 ppm for 4.2 or 1 hour/day for 6 months were not adversely affected. Based on experimental data and published reports on human experience as well as industrial experience with carbon tetrachloride, the authors suggest that when worker's exposures can be expected to be repeated and prolonged, the exposure concentrations be maintained below 25 ppm vapor and that the time weighted average not exceed 10 ppm.
已在实验动物身上研究了氯仿的急性和慢性毒性。雄性大鼠经口急性半数致死量（LD50）为2.0（1.0 - 3.8）克/千克。将氯仿涂抹于家兔皮肤时，会产生轻微至中度刺激，并使擦伤皮肤的愈合延迟。氯仿经家兔皮肤的吸收明显，但预计吸收不会造成实际的急性危害。液态氯仿对家兔眼睛造成轻微损伤，需一周多时间才能愈合。每周五天，每次1小时，连续六个月重复暴露于85.50 ppm或25 ppm氯仿蒸气中，对所研究的所有或某些物种（大鼠、家兔、豚鼠和狗）均产生了不良影响。25 ppm时的影响轻微且可逆。每天暴露于25 ppm、时长4.2或1小时、持续6个月的大鼠未受到不良影响。基于实验数据、已发表的关于人类经验以及四氯化碳工业经验的报告，作者建议，当预计工人会反复且长期接触时，接触浓度应保持在25 ppm蒸气以下，且时间加权平均值不应超过10 ppm。
