Wirth M C
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1998 Dec;14(4):397-405.
Two novel mechanisms of organophosphate resistance were isolated and characterized from a population of Culex pipiens L. from Cyprus. Two strains, one expressing the novel, highly active esterases A5 and B5 (strain A5B5-R), and one expressing insensitive acetylcholinesterase (strain Ace-R), were developed by single pair crosses and selection with temephos and propoxur, respectively. The A5B5-R strain demonstrated resistance toward organophosphate insecticides that could be suppressed by the esterase inhibitor S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF). No cross-resistance to carbamates occurred. The Ace-R strain demonstrated resistance to organophosphate as well as to carbamate insecticides. Propoxur and temephos resistance was not affected by the monooxygenase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide or by DEF. The Ace-R strain possessed a novel toxicologic profile as well as a unique acetylcholinesterase inhibition pattern. Inheritance of temephos or propoxur resistance was codominant in F1 offspring. Backcrosses to a susceptible strain in both cases failed to fit a single gene model, suggesting that multiple loci may be involved. Combining the A5B5-R and the Ace-R strains resulted in high levels of temephos resistance, similar to that of the parents.
从塞浦路斯的尖音库蚊群体中分离并鉴定出两种新的有机磷抗性机制。通过单对杂交和分别用杀螟硫磷和残杀威进行选择，培育出了两个品系，一个表达新型高活性酯酶A5和B5（A5B5-R品系），另一个表达不敏感的乙酰胆碱酯酶（Ace-R品系）。A5B5-R品系对有机磷杀虫剂表现出抗性，该抗性可被酯酶抑制剂三丁基三硫代磷酸酯（DEF）抑制。对氨基甲酸酯类没有交叉抗性。Ace-R品系对有机磷以及氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂均表现出抗性。残杀威和杀螟硫磷抗性不受单加氧酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚或DEF的影响。Ace-R品系具有一种新的毒理学特征以及独特的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制模式。杀螟硫磷或残杀威抗性在F1代后代中是共显性的。在这两种情况下，与敏感品系的回交均不符合单基因模型，这表明可能涉及多个基因座。将A5B5-R品系和Ace-R品系结合可产生高水平的杀螟硫磷抗性，与亲本相似。
