Druet-Cabanac M, Preux P M, Bouteille B, Bernet-Bernady P, Dunand J, Hopkins A, Yaya G, Tabo A, Sartoris C, Macharia W, Dumas M
Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges, France.
Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Mar 15;149(6):565-70. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009853.
The occurrence of epileptic seizures during onchocercal infestation has been suspected. Epidemiologic studies are necessary to confirm the relation between onchocerciasis and epilepsy. A matched case-control study was conducted in dispensaries of three northwestern towns of the Central African Republic. Each epileptic case was matched against two nonepileptic controls on the six criteria of sex, age (+/-5 years), residence, treatment with ivermectin, date of last ivermectin dose, and the number of ivermectin doses. Onchocerciasis was defined as at least one microfilaria observed in iliac crest skin snip biopsy. A total of 561 subjects (187 cases and 374 controls) were included in the study. Of the epileptics, 39.6% had onchocerciasis, as did 35.8% of the controls. The mean dermal microfilarial load was 26 microfilariae per mg of skin (standard deviation, 42) in the epileptics and 24 microfilariae per mg of skin (standard deviation, 48) in the controls. This matched case-control study found some relation (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval 0.81-1.80), although it was nonstatistically significant.
盘尾丝虫感染期间癫痫发作的情况一直受到怀疑。有必要进行流行病学研究以证实盘尾丝虫病与癫痫之间的关系。在中非共和国西北部三个城镇的诊疗所开展了一项匹配病例对照研究。每个癫痫病例根据性别、年龄（±5岁）、居住地、伊维菌素治疗情况、最后一剂伊维菌素的日期以及伊维菌素剂量数量这六个标准与两名非癫痫对照进行匹配。盘尾丝虫病定义为在髂嵴皮肤切片活检中观察到至少一条微丝蚴。该研究共纳入561名受试者（187例病例和374名对照）。癫痫患者中39.6%患有盘尾丝虫病，对照中这一比例为35.8%。癫痫患者皮肤微丝蚴平均负荷为每毫克皮肤26条微丝蚴（标准差42），对照为每毫克皮肤24条微丝蚴（标准差48）。这项匹配病例对照研究发现了某种关联（比值比 = 1.21，95%置信区间0.81 - 1.80），尽管在统计学上不显著。
