Miller A B, Breen M, Murphy K E
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Sciences and The Feinstone Institute of Molecular Biology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA.
Mamm Genome. 1999 Apr;10(4):371-5. doi: 10.1007/s003359901004.
Our laboratories are interested in characterizing genes involved in the myriad of heritable diseases affecting the domestic dog, Canis lupus familiaris, and in development of detailed genetic and physical maps of the canine genome. Included in these efforts is examination of conservation of the genetic organization, structure, and function of gene families involved in diseases of the canine skin, skeleton, and eye. To that end, study of the highly conserved keratin gene family was undertaken. Keratins belong to the superfamily of intermediate filaments and are the major structural proteins of the epidermis, hair, and nail. The keratins are highly conserved throughout vertebrate evolution both at the DNA and amino acid sequence levels. Mutations in genes encoding epithelial keratins are known to cause various diseases in humans, and similar histopathological presentations have been reported in the dog. The keratins are divided into two groups, type I (acidic) and type II (basic). In the human, the genes encoding the acidic and basic keratins are clustered on Chrs 17 and 12, respectively. The same genetic arrangement is seen in the mouse with the acidic and basic keratin gene clusters found on Chrs 11 and 15, respectively. Reported here are the chromosomal localization of acidic and basic canine keratin genes as well as supportive sequence data. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments with clones isolated from a canine genomic library suggest that the acidic keratin gene cluster resides on CFA9 and the basic keratin gene cluster is located on CFA27.
我们的实验室致力于鉴定与影响家犬（犬属狼种家犬）的众多遗传性疾病相关的基因，并绘制犬类基因组详细的遗传图谱和物理图谱。这些工作包括研究犬类皮肤、骨骼和眼睛疾病相关基因家族的遗传组织、结构和功能的保守性。为此，我们对高度保守的角蛋白基因家族进行了研究。角蛋白属于中间丝超家族，是表皮、毛发和指甲的主要结构蛋白。在整个脊椎动物进化过程中，角蛋白在DNA和氨基酸序列水平上都高度保守。已知编码上皮角蛋白的基因突变会导致人类的各种疾病，并且在犬类中也报道了类似的组织病理学表现。角蛋白分为两组，I型（酸性）和II型（碱性）。在人类中，编码酸性和碱性角蛋白的基因分别聚集在17号和12号染色体上。在小鼠中也观察到相同的遗传排列，酸性和碱性角蛋白基因簇分别位于11号和15号染色体上。本文报道了犬类酸性和碱性角蛋白基因的染色体定位以及支持性序列数据。用从犬类基因组文库中分离的克隆进行的荧光原位杂交（FISH）实验表明，酸性角蛋白基因簇位于犬染色体9（CFA9）上，碱性角蛋白基因簇位于犬染色体27（CFA27）上。
