Mori M
Dipartimento di Filosofia, Università di Pisa, Piazza Torricelli 3/a, 56126, Pisa, Italia.
Cad Saude Publica. 1999;15 Suppl 1:65-72. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x1999000500008.
The author analyzes the pros and cons of various forms of assisted reproduction, including the use of so-called 'genetic manipulation'. He shows how in ethics the only arguments with any chance of reaching a consensus (or at least an agreement) are those of the rational type, based on universally acceptable ethical principles or corroborated by empirical facts and real life experience (as the starting point for identifying problems requiring analysis). After an analysis in which he identifies the incoherence and inconsistency of arguments against assisted reproduction, the author defends the right of human beings to decide autonomously about the most healthy forms of procreation, including those involving genetic manipulation. His starting point is the moral principle by which it is morally preferable to intervene in natural processes (as opposed to not intervening) whenever this implies preventing and reducing disease and suffering.
作者分析了各种形式的辅助生殖的利弊，包括所谓的“基因操纵”的使用。他指出，在伦理学中，唯一有可能达成共识（或至少达成一致）的论点是基于普遍接受的伦理原则或由经验事实和现实生活经验所证实的理性类型的论点（作为识别需要分析的问题的起点）。在分析了反对辅助生殖的论点的不连贯性和不一致性之后，作者捍卫了人类自主决定最健康的生育形式的权利，包括那些涉及基因操纵的形式。他的出发点是这样一个道德原则，即只要干预自然过程意味着预防和减少疾病与痛苦，那么在道德上干预自然过程（与不干预相反）是更可取的。
