Onishchenko G G, Beklemishcheva O A, Narkevich M I
Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, State Duma, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1999 Jan-Feb(1):5-9.
Since the middle of 1996 the growth of HIV-infected persons and AIDS morbidity are registered in Russia. In 1997 4,300 new cases of HIV infection were registered, which exceeded 1.6 times the total number of cases for the period of 1987-1996. The highest morbidity rate was observed in the cities of the European part of Russia: Kaliningrad (west), Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don (south), Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow (center). AIDS patients and HIV-infected persons were registered in 73 out of 89 regions of the country. 90% of HIV-infected persons were drug users in 1997. In 1992-1997 the number of drug addicts increased 3.5 fold and young women in 1987-1997, 6.5 fold. 71 HIV-infected children were registered were born from HIV-infected mothers at present time. The article deals with the main provisions of the federal laws aimed at the prevention of the spread of HIV infection in Russia and characterizes scientific research on AIDS. Evidence is presented that the early detection of HIV-infected persons, as well as rendering timely medical and social assistance to such persons, makes it possible to increase their mean survival time and check the spread of human immunodeficiency virus.
自1996年年中起，俄罗斯开始记录艾滋病毒感染者的增长情况和艾滋病发病率。1997年，登记了4300例新的艾滋病毒感染病例，这一数字超过了1987年至1996年期间病例总数的1.6倍。发病率最高的地区出现在俄罗斯欧洲部分的城市：加里宁格勒（西部）、克拉斯诺达尔和顿河畔罗斯托夫（南部）、下诺夫哥罗德和莫斯科（中部）。俄罗斯89个地区中有73个地区登记了艾滋病患者和艾滋病毒感染者。1997年，90%的艾滋病毒感染者为吸毒者。1992年至1997年，吸毒者人数增长了3.5倍，1987年至1997年，年轻女性吸毒者人数增长了6.5倍。目前已登记有71名受艾滋病毒感染的儿童是由感染艾滋病毒的母亲所生。本文论述了俄罗斯旨在预防艾滋病毒感染传播的联邦法律的主要条款，并介绍了有关艾滋病的科研情况。有证据表明，早期发现艾滋病毒感染者，并及时为这些人提供医疗和社会援助，能够延长他们的平均存活时间，并遏制人类免疫缺陷病毒的传播。
