Tomczak P D, Buikstra J E
Anthropology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
J Forensic Sci. 1999 Mar;44(2):253-62.
There are several similarities found in blunt trauma injuries to humans sustained as a result of vertical deceleration (falling) and those sustained as a result of deceleration in a horizontal plane (automobile accidents). However, examination of the patterns of traumatic skeletal injuries can distinguish those injuries associated with falling from heights from those associated with automobile accidents. While there is considerable variation within each type of blunt trauma injury dependent on the angle at which one falls or is struck, there are several characteristic skeletal features associated with each type of trauma. In this study we review both the current literature and human skeletal remains from the University of New Mexico's Documented Collection known to have been subjected to blunt trauma. This collection is used to characterize and differentiate the pattern of skeletal injuries to various parts of the body for each type of trauma. These assessments are applied to investigate the traumatic skeletal lesions observed in a forensic case where the manner of death is unknown. Analyses suggest two possible scenarios that would explain the death of the individual investigated, with death most likely related to a vehicular-pedestrian accident.
垂直减速（坠落）导致的人体钝器伤与水平面减速（汽车事故）导致的钝器伤存在若干相似之处。然而，对创伤性骨骼损伤模式的检查可以区分高处坠落所致损伤与汽车事故所致损伤。虽然每种钝器伤类型都因坠落或撞击角度不同而有很大差异，但每种创伤类型都有若干特征性骨骼特征。在本研究中，我们回顾了当前文献以及新墨西哥大学文献收藏中已知遭受钝器伤的人类骨骼遗骸。该收藏用于描述和区分每种创伤类型下身体各部位的骨骼损伤模式。这些评估方法被应用于调查一起死因不明的法医案件中观察到的创伤性骨骼病变。分析表明有两种可能的情况可以解释被调查个体的死亡原因，死亡最有可能与机动车与行人碰撞事故有关。
