Walker C, Perotti V M, Love D N, Whalley J M
School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Comp Pathol. 1999 Jan;120(1):15-27. doi: 10.1053/jcpa.1998.0251.
The abortigenic effects of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) strain HVS25A, given intranasally, were assessed in pregnant BALB/c, C57BL/6J and Quakenbush mice at day 16 of pregnancy. All EHV-1-infected BALB/c mice showed clinical signs typical of EHV-1-induced disease, together with evidence of abortion. However, although there were fetal and neonatal deaths in some C57BL/6J and Quakenbush litters, the respiratory and systemic effects of EHV-1 infection in the dams were inconsistent. BALB/c dams were then inoculated at day 15 of pregnancy with either EHV-1 or rabbit kidney (RK) cell lysate (controls) and animals were killed at days 1-5 post-inoculation (pi), i.e., before the occurrence of abortions. EHV-1-infected mice showed a significant fall in rectal temperature between days 1 and 2 pi and lost weight during the first 4 days pi, demonstrating a significant mean difference in weight gain from the control group at days 2, 3, 4 and 5 pi. Death in utero was seen in five of 90 fetuses of EHV-1-infected mice, but in no fetuses from RK-inoculated mice. On days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 pi, the fetuses from EHV-1-infected dams were significantly smaller than those from RK-inoculated dams. Congestion and necrosis of the middle layer of trophoblast and chorionic necrosis were observed in the placentae from EHV-1-infected dams and assessed by a scoring system. Virus was isolated rarely from the fetuses (1/73), placentae (3/72) and uteri (1/16) of EHV-1-infected dams, and only from those killed on day 1 or 2 pi. This indicates that, as in the horse, abortion caused by EHV-1 infection in mice is not necessarily a consequence of fetal infection but may be due to fetal compromise due to vascular effects on the placenta.
在妊娠第16天，通过鼻内接种，评估了马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）毒株HVS25A对妊娠BALB/c、C57BL/6J和Quakenbush小鼠的致流产作用。所有感染EHV-1的BALB/c小鼠均表现出EHV-1诱导疾病的典型临床症状以及流产迹象。然而，尽管在一些C57BL/6J和Quakenbush胎仔中存在胎儿和新生儿死亡情况，但EHV-1感染对母鼠的呼吸道和全身影响并不一致。然后在妊娠第i5天给BALB/c母鼠接种EHV-1或兔肾（RK）细胞裂解液（对照），并在接种后第1至5天处死动物，即在流产发生之前。感染EHV-1的小鼠在接种后第1至2天直肠温度显著下降，且在接种后的前4天体重减轻，表明在接种后第2、3、4和5天，与对照组相比体重增加存在显著平均差异。在感染EHV-1的小鼠的90只胎儿中有5只出现子宫内死亡，但接种RK的小鼠胎儿未出现这种情况。在接种后第1、2、3、4和5天，感染EHV-1的母鼠所产胎儿明显小于接种RK的母鼠所产胎儿。在感染EHV-1的母鼠的胎盘中观察到滋养层中层充血和坏死以及绒毛膜坏死，并通过评分系统进行评估。在感染EHV-1的母鼠的胎儿（1/73）、胎盘（3/72）和子宫（1/16）中很少分离到病毒，且仅从接种后第1或2天处死的动物中分离到。这表明，与马的情况一样，EHV-1感染小鼠导致的流产不一定是胎儿感染的结果，而可能是由于胎盘血管效应导致胎儿受到损害。
