Hovette P, Camara P, Burgel P R, Mbaye P S, Sane M, Klotz F
Services médicaux, l'Hôpital Principal de Dakar, Sénégal.
Rev Pneumol Clin. 1998 Dec;54(6):340-5.
Pulmonary manifestations are frequently observed in children, pregnant women and travellers with malaria. The pathophysiology of these pulmonary manifestations is poorly understood but would appear to be secondary to an interaction between the parasitized red cells and the pulmonary capillary endothelium. Bronchitis and pneumonia do not directly compromise outcome but, left unrecognized, the delay in diagnosis and treatment may be fatal. Acute respiratory distress in children is the first cause of overmortality, coming before neurological involvement. The acute respiratory distress caused by severe malaria has no specific characteristics. Iatrogenic complications and pulmonary superinfections must be differentiated. The prevention of pulmonary manifestations associated with malaria can easily be accomplished by limiting water intake and carefully monitoring urinary output and weight. Treatment is the same as for acute flare-ups in combination with symptomatic respiratory treatment when required.
肺部表现常见于患有疟疾的儿童、孕妇和旅行者。这些肺部表现的病理生理学尚不清楚，但似乎继发于被寄生的红细胞与肺毛细血管内皮之间的相互作用。支气管炎和肺炎本身并不直接影响预后，但如果未被识别，诊断和治疗的延迟可能是致命的。儿童急性呼吸窘迫是死亡的首要原因，先于神经系统受累。重症疟疾引起的急性呼吸窘迫没有特异性特征。必须鉴别医源性并发症和肺部二重感染。通过限制水的摄入量并仔细监测尿量和体重，可以很容易地预防与疟疾相关的肺部表现。治疗与急性发作相同，并在必要时结合对症呼吸治疗。
