Xiccato G, Bernardini M, Castellini C, Dalle Zotte A, Queaque P I, Trocino A
Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
J Anim Sci. 1999 Feb;77(2):416-26. doi: 10.2527/1999.772416x.
The feeding of a high-fiber and low-energy diet to young rabbit does from weaning to the first kindling was used to modify their body reserves, stimulate their energy intake, and reduce the energy deficit during the first lactation. Rabbits (53 per group) were given ad libitum access to either a control or high-fiber diet (CP, 17.6 vs 15.8% of DM; crude fiber, 15.5 vs 19.9% of DM; digestible energy, 2,565 vs 2,261 kcal/kg of DM, respectively) from weaning to their first kindling. During lactation, both groups received the same diet, which contained 19.3% CP, 16.5% crude fiber, and 2,634 kcal/kg digestible energy (dry matter basis). Four comparative slaughters were performed to estimate the chemical and energy balance of rabbit does at different physiological states: at the beginning of the trial (12 rabbits, 45 d of age), at mating (10 rabbits per group, 136 d), at kindling (10 rabbits per group, 167 d), and at the end of lactation (12 and 11 rabbits for the control and the high-fiber group, 197 d). Large changes in body weight and composition were observed between slaughters. From 45 d to mating, doe body fat and energy increased 7.93 and 4.64 times the initial content, respectively. During pregnancy, body protein concentration decreased from 203 to 186 g/kg. At the end of lactation, body fat and energy concentration were reduced to values close to those measured at 45 d of age. Dietary treatment affected body chemical and energy balance during pregnancy and lactation but not reproductive and lactational performance. The high-fiber diet stimulated feed intake from weaning to the first kindling but not dietary energy intake. During lactation, the rabbits fed the high-fiber diet ate 10 kcal x d(-1) x kg live weight(-.75) more and lost less body fat (-405 vs -504 g) and body energy (-3,628 vs -4,294 kcal) than the does fed the control diet (P < .001). In the same period, all does showed water and protein retention (185 and 45 g, on average) regardless of dietary treatment. In conclusion, feeding young does a high-fiber diet until their first kindling reduced the chemical and energy body deficit at the end of the first lactation.
从断奶到首次产仔期间，给幼兔饲喂高纤维、低能量日粮，以改变其体储备，刺激能量摄入，并减少首次泌乳期间的能量亏空。将兔子（每组53只）从断奶到首次产仔期间随意分为两组，分别给予对照日粮或高纤维日粮（粗蛋白分别为干物质的17.6%和15.8%；粗纤维分别为干物质的15.5%和19.9%；可消化能量分别为2565和2261千卡/千克干物质）。泌乳期间，两组兔子均饲喂相同的日粮，该日粮含有19.3%的粗蛋白、16.5%的粗纤维和2634千卡/千克的可消化能量（以干物质计）。进行了四次比较屠宰，以估计不同生理状态下母兔的化学和能量平衡：试验开始时（12只兔子，45日龄）、配种时（每组10只兔子，136日龄）、产仔时（每组10只兔子，167日龄）以及泌乳期末（对照组和高纤维组分别为12只和11只兔子，197日龄）。屠宰期间观察到体重和体组成有很大变化。从45日龄到配种时，母兔体脂肪和能量分别增加到初始含量的7.93倍和4.64倍。怀孕期间，体蛋白浓度从203克/千克降至186克/千克。泌乳期末，体脂肪和能量浓度降至接近45日龄时测得的值。日粮处理影响怀孕和泌乳期间的体化学和能量平衡，但不影响繁殖和泌乳性能。高纤维日粮刺激从断奶到首次产仔期间的采食量，但不影响日粮能量摄入量。泌乳期间，饲喂高纤维日粮的兔子比饲喂对照日粮的兔子每天每千克活重多采食10千卡（-0.75次方），体脂肪损失更少（-405克对-504克），体能量损失更少（-3628千卡对-4294千卡）（P < 0.001）。在同一时期，无论日粮处理如何，所有母兔均表现出水和蛋白质的潴留（平均分别为185克和45克）。总之，在首次产仔前给年轻母兔饲喂高纤维日粮可减少首次泌乳期末的体化学和能量亏空。
