Pastel D A, Fay P, Lee D
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048.
Hosp Pharm. 1993 Dec;28(12):1192-5.
Effect of implementing a cancer chemotherapy order form on prescribing habits for parenteral antineoplastics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of a cancer chemotherapy order form improved prescriber inclusion of necessary prescription information to minimize errors for parenteral antineoplastics when compared to orders written on standard treatment-order forms. Standard treatment order forms and the newly developed chemotherapy order forms were examined for differences in completeness of the following 13 prescription components: diagnosis, height, weight, body surface area, start date and time, dosage (e.g., mg/m2), dose (mg), solution diluent (drips only) and volume (drips only), infusion rate (drips only), route (i.e., IV push or IV drip), frequency of administration, and total number of scheduled doses. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in completeness of necessary prescription information when cancer chemotherapy was ordered by physicians using a chemotherapy order form compared to a standard treatment order form. Importantly, the availability of various prescription components such as height, weight, and dosage may be used by the pharmacist to verify physicians' calculations of body surface area and dose and thereby reduce the chance of serious medication dosage errors. An additional benefit of the new form is a reduction in the time pharmacists spend clarifying orders.
实施癌症化疗医嘱单对肠外抗肿瘤药处方习惯的影响。本研究的目的是确定与使用标准治疗医嘱单书写的医嘱相比，使用癌症化疗医嘱单是否能使开处方者更完整地填写必要的处方信息，以尽量减少肠外抗肿瘤药的用药错误。研究人员检查了标准治疗医嘱单和新开发的化疗医嘱单在以下13项处方内容完整性方面的差异：诊断、身高、体重、体表面积、开始日期和时间、剂量（如mg/m²）、剂量（mg）、溶液稀释剂（仅用于滴注）和体积（仅用于滴注）、输注速度（仅用于滴注）、给药途径（即静脉推注或静脉滴注）、给药频率以及预定给药总次数。结果表明，与标准治疗医嘱单相比，医生使用化疗医嘱单开具癌症化疗医嘱时，必要处方信息的完整性有显著提高。重要的是，药剂师可以利用身高、体重和剂量等各种处方内容来核实医生对体表面积和剂量的计算，从而减少严重用药剂量错误的发生几率。新医嘱单的另一个好处是减少了药剂师澄清医嘱所花费的时间。
