Odendaal H J
S Afr Med J. 1976 Nov 17;50(49):1966-8.
Umbilical cord entanglement was found in 34% of 555 women in labour. One loop of cord around the neck of the fetus was seen in 29% of the women and two or more loops in 5%. Cardiotocograms of these patients were examined for abnormal heart rate patterns. Cord involvement did not influence the incidence of basal bradycardia or tachycardia, early or late decelerations, loss of beat-to-beat variation or acceleration patterns. Variable decelerations, however, were seen in 23% of the patients with cord entanglement and in 7% without cord involvement. This difference is statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Subclassification of variable deceleration into different grades according to the amplitude of the deceleration, demonstrated the presence of cord involvement in 50% of the patients with moderate variable decelerations. This incidence rose to 65% when severe variable decelerations were demonstrated and to 75% when decelerations had increased during labour. Low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes occurred 2 and 3 times more often, respectively, when cord involvement was present.
在555名分娩女性中，34%被发现存在脐带缠绕。29%的女性胎儿颈部有一圈脐带，5%的女性有两圈或更多圈脐带。对这些患者的胎心监护图进行了异常心率模式检查。脐带受累不影响基础心动过缓或心动过速、早期或晚期减速、逐搏变异丧失或加速模式的发生率。然而，23%的脐带缠绕患者出现了变异减速，无脐带受累的患者中这一比例为7%。这种差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。根据减速幅度将变异减速分为不同等级，结果显示，中度变异减速患者中有50%存在脐带受累。当出现重度变异减速时，这一发生率升至65%，当分娩期间减速加重时则升至75%。存在脐带受累时，1分钟和5分钟时阿氏评分低的发生率分别高出2倍和3倍。
