Schopper D, Doussantousse S, Ayiga N, Ezatirale G, Idro W J, Homsy J
Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland.
Health Policy Plan. 1995 Jun;10(2):171-80. doi: 10.1093/heapol/10.2.171.
To design, implement and evaluate a village-based AIDS prevention programme in a rural district in north-western Uganda. A baseline KAP survey of the general population was carried out to design a district-wide information campaign and condom promotion programme. Eighteen months later the impact achieved was measured through a second KAP survey, using the same methodology.
Anonymous structured interviews were conducted in March 1991 and October 1992 with 1486 and 1744 randomly selected individuals age 15-49, respectively.
At 18 months, 60% of respondents had participated in an information session in the past year (47% women, 71% men) and 42% had received a pamphlet about AIDS (26% women, 58% men). Knowledge about AIDS, high initially (94%), reached 98%. More respondents knew that the incubation period is longer than one year (from 29% to 40%), and were willing to take care of a PWA (from 60% to 77%). Knowledge about condoms increased from 26 to 63% in women and 57 to 91% in men. Ever use of condoms among persons having engaged in casual sex in the past year increased from 6 to 33% in women, and 27 to 48% in men. Fifty per cent of condom users criticized lack of regular access to condoms.
This is the first documented example of the impact a village-based AIDS prevention programme can achieve in a rural African community. Critical areas to be improved were identified, such as: women must be given better access to information, more attention must be paid to explain the asymptomatic state of HIV infection in appropriate terms, and condom social marketing must be developed.
在乌干达西北部的一个农村地区设计、实施并评估一项以村庄为基础的艾滋病预防项目。对普通人群进行了一次基线知识、态度和行为（KAP）调查，以设计一项全区范围的信息宣传活动和避孕套推广项目。18个月后，采用相同方法通过第二次KAP调查来衡量所取得的成效。
分别于1991年3月和1992年10月对1486名和1744名年龄在15至49岁之间的随机抽取个体进行了匿名结构化访谈。
在18个月时，60%的受访者在过去一年中参加过一次信息宣传活动（女性为47%，男性为71%），42%的人收到过一本关于艾滋病的宣传册（女性为26%，男性为58%）。关于艾滋病的知识最初较高（94%），达到了98%。更多受访者知道潜伏期超过一年（从29%增至40%），并且愿意照顾艾滋病患者（从60%增至77%）。女性对避孕套的知识从26%增至63%，男性从57%增至91%。在过去一年中有过随意性行为的人群中，女性使用避孕套的比例从6%增至33%，男性从27%增至48%。50%的避孕套使用者抱怨难以定期获得避孕套。
这是有记录的首个实例，表明以村庄为基础的艾滋病预防项目在非洲农村社区所能取得的成效。确定了有待改进的关键领域，例如：必须让女性更好地获取信息，必须更加注重以适当方式解释艾滋病毒感染的无症状状态，并且必须开展避孕套社会营销。
