Cockburn J, Murphy B, Schofield P, Hill D, Borland R
Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Australia.
Health Educ Res. 1991 Sep;6(3):279-90. doi: 10.1093/her/6.3.279.
The present study describes a method for the data-driven structuring of interventions to increase participation in screening mammography. We interviewed 668 randomly selected women from the target population of an Australian pilot screening mammography program before this Program commenced. The aims of the study were to use cross-sectional data to determine factors which predicted women's intentions regarding attendance at the Program, and on the basis of these results to develop optimal strategies to encourage attendances. Of the sample, 64% said they intended to go to the Program, while 11% were unsure. A number of variables were significantly associated with intention and regression analysis was used to determine the best model for predicting intention. Ten variables entered the final regression model: the intensity of thought about getting breast cancer; a belief that early detection is extremely desirable and that screening mammograms are accurate; having had a Pap test within the last 2 years; a belief that health is controlled by chance; perceived ease of getting to the hospital; subjective familiarity with the hospital location of the Program; age; having heard about screening mammography; and a feeling of personal susceptibility to breast cancer. This model explained 20% of the variance in intention to have a mammogram (R 2 = 0.20, F(10,492) = 12.08; P less than 0.0001). The practical applications of these findings are discussed in this report. It is recommended that if a campaign were to concentrate on changing women's perceptions on the dimensions found to be significantly associated with intention, then it would have maximum chance of encouraging attendance amongst women in the target population. The strategies we have developed based on these findings are discussed in this paper.
本研究描述了一种以数据驱动构建干预措施的方法，以提高乳腺钼靶筛查的参与率。在澳大利亚一项乳腺钼靶筛查试点项目启动之前，我们从该项目的目标人群中随机抽取了668名女性进行访谈。本研究的目的是利用横断面数据确定预测女性参与该项目意愿的因素，并根据这些结果制定鼓励参与的最佳策略。在样本中，64%的人表示她们打算参加该项目，而11%的人不确定。许多变量与意愿显著相关，我们使用回归分析来确定预测意愿的最佳模型。十个变量进入了最终的回归模型：对患乳腺癌的思考强度；认为早期检测非常必要且乳腺钼靶筛查准确的信念；在过去两年内进行过巴氏试验；认为健康由运气控制的信念；感知到前往医院的便利程度；对项目医院位置的主观熟悉程度；年龄；听说过乳腺钼靶筛查；以及个人对患乳腺癌易感性的感觉。该模型解释了进行乳腺钼靶检查意愿差异的20%（R² = 0.20，F(10,492) = 12.08；P < 0.0001）。本报告讨论了这些发现的实际应用。建议如果一项活动专注于改变女性在那些被发现与意愿显著相关的维度上的认知，那么它将最有可能鼓励目标人群中的女性参与。本文讨论了我们基于这些发现所制定的策略。
