Basler H D, Brinkmeier U, Buser K, Gluth G
Institute for Medical Psychology, Phillips University Medical College, Marburg, Germany.
Health Educ Res. 1992 Mar;7(1):87-95. doi: 10.1093/her/7.1.87.
Smoking cessation with the aid of nicotine chewing gum in a primary care setting format is reported to be more effective when additional behavioural training is introduced. We developed a standardized comprehensive treatment programme using nicotine chewing gum (Nicorette 2 mg) in conjunction with nutritional information for the prevention of weight gain, behavioural training for the promotion of self-management techniques and the prescription of a date when to quit. The programme was conducted by 11 family physicians in a group setting format with 12 weekly 90 min sessions and three booster sessions. After an introduction to the programme, each physician selected smokers with additional risk factors for coronary heart disease from the files. Experimental and control subjects were matched for age, gender, cigarette consumption and duration since smoking onset. Complete data were obtained from 86 treated and 53 control subjects. The drop-out rate among the treated subjects was 5.8%. After the 3 month follow-up, data assessment shows an abstinence rate of 63.9% in the experimental subjects, a fact verified by CO measurements. Compared to the control group, blood pressure, heart rate, cholesterol and glucose levels did not change significantly during treatment. Weight increased by 1.7 kg. After a 12 month follow-up, abstention rates decreased to 52.3%. Abstainers reported less physical complaints and increased well-being when compared to control subjects or to treatment failures at both follow-up assessments. Changes in the risk profile, apart from smoking, were not verified.
据报道，在初级保健机构中，借助尼古丁咀嚼胶戒烟时，若引入额外的行为训练会更有效。我们制定了一个标准化的综合治疗方案，使用尼古丁咀嚼胶（尼古丁咀嚼片2毫克），并结合预防体重增加的营养信息、促进自我管理技巧的行为训练以及确定戒烟日期的处方。该方案由11名家庭医生以小组形式开展，共进行12次每周90分钟的课程以及3次强化课程。在介绍该方案后，每位医生从档案中挑选出有冠心病额外风险因素的吸烟者。实验对象和对照对象在年龄、性别、香烟消费量以及吸烟开始后的时长方面进行了匹配。从86名接受治疗的对象和53名对照对象那里获得了完整数据。接受治疗的对象中的退出率为5.8%。经过3个月的随访，数据评估显示实验对象的戒烟率为63.9%，这一事实通过一氧化碳测量得到了证实。与对照组相比，治疗期间血压、心率、胆固醇和血糖水平没有显著变化。体重增加了1.7千克。经过12个月的随访，戒烟率降至52.3%。与对照组或在两次随访评估中的治疗失败者相比，戒烟者报告的身体不适更少且幸福感增强。除吸烟外，风险状况的变化未得到证实。
