Schuman J S, Hee M R, Arya A V, Pedut-Kloizman T, Puliafito C A, Fujimoto J G, Swanson E A
New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1995 Apr;6(2):89-95. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199504000-00014.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique that allows cross-sectional imaging of the anterior and posterior eye. OCT has a resolution of approximately 10 microns, with extremely high sensitivity (approximately 10(-10) of incident light). OCT is analogous to computed tomography, which uses x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, which uses spin resonance, or B-scan ultrasound, which uses sound waves, but OCT uses only light to derive its image. OCT is a noncontact, noninvasive system by which retinal substructure may be analyzed in vivo. OCT is useful in the evaluation of retinal pathologies and glaucoma. In retinal disease, entities such as macular holes, macular edema, central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal vascular occlusion and other factors have been examined. Separation between the posterior vitreous and retina, or lack thereof, are seen and quantitated. In glaucoma, retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness is measured at standardized locations around the optic nerve head. A circular scan produces a cylindrical cross-section of the retina, from which the NFL can be analyzed. In addition, radial scans through the optic nerve head are used to evaluate cupping and juxtapapillary NFL thickness. OCT, a new imaging technology by which the anterior and posterior segment are seen in cross-section, may permit the early diagnosis of glaucoma, and the early detection of glaucomatous progression.
光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一种能够对眼前段和眼后段进行横断面成像的新技术。OCT的分辨率约为10微米，具有极高的灵敏度（约为入射光的10^(-10)）。OCT类似于计算机断层扫描（使用X射线）、磁共振成像（使用自旋共振）或B超扫描（使用声波），但OCT仅使用光来获取图像。OCT是一种非接触、非侵入性系统，通过该系统可在活体中分析视网膜亚结构。OCT在评估视网膜病变和青光眼方面很有用。在视网膜疾病中，已经对诸如黄斑裂孔、黄斑水肿、中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变、视网膜血管阻塞等情况以及其他因素进行了检查。观察并定量分析玻璃体后界膜与视网膜之间的分离情况或有无分离。在青光眼中，在视神经乳头周围的标准化位置测量视网膜神经纤维层（NFL）的厚度。环形扫描可产生视网膜的圆柱形横断面，从中可以分析NFL。此外，通过视神经乳头的径向扫描用于评估视杯及视乳头旁NFL厚度。OCT是一种能够对眼的前后节进行横断面成像的新成像技术，可能有助于青光眼的早期诊断以及青光眼病情进展的早期检测。
