Steele J W
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Pharmacoeconomics. 1994 Nov;6(5):480-2. doi: 10.2165/00019053-199406050-00010.
This study was designed to assess the potential impact of generic drug competition on prescription prices in Ontario, Canada, and the costs and benefits of the passage of Bill C-22 by the Canadian federal government. Bill C-22, passed in 1987, extended the period during which a patented drug is exempt from compulsory licensing by a generic drug manufacturer, and created the Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB). The purpose of the PMPRB is to 'ensure that the prices of patented medicines charged by patentees are not excessive' and to 'report annually on the ratios of research-and-development expenditures to sales for individual patentees and for the patented pharmaceutical industry as a whole'. Lexchin analysed prices in the 1991 Drug Benefit Formulary of Ontario for interchangeable products which were manufactured by more than one company. He also noted the best available price for the highest and lowest priced versions, and the number of manufacturers of that product. Products were then grouped according to the number of manufacturers, and the price of the least expensive version of each product was expressed as a percentage of that of the most expensive version (i.e. the proportional cost). For products marketed by 2 to 6 companies, the data were further subdivided into 4 categories representing 0%, non-maximal, maximal and 100% generic competition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究旨在评估非专利药竞争对加拿大安大略省处方药价格的潜在影响，以及加拿大联邦政府通过的C-22法案的成本和收益。1987年通过的C-22法案延长了专利药免受非专利药制造商强制许可的期限，并设立了专利药品价格审查委员会（PMPRB）。PMPRB的目的是“确保专利权人收取的专利药品价格不过高”，并“每年报告个别专利权人和整个专利制药行业的研发支出与销售额之比”。莱克钦分析了安大略省1991年药品福利处方集里由多家公司生产的可互换产品的价格。他还记录了最高和最低价格版本的最佳可得价格以及该产品的制造商数量。然后根据制造商数量对产品进行分组，每种产品最便宜版本的价格表示为最昂贵版本价格的百分比（即比例成本）。对于由2至6家公司销售的产品，数据进一步细分为4类，分别代表0%、非最大、最大和100%的非专利药竞争。（摘要截选至250字）
