Fed Regist. 1991 Jul 26;56(144):35694-723.
This rule implements subtitle A of title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act, Public Law 101-336, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability by public entities. Subtitle A protects qualified individuals with disabilities from discrimination on the basis of disability in the services, programs, or activities of all State and local governments. It extends the prohibition of discrimination in federally assisted programs established by section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 to all activities of State and local governments, including those that do not receive Federal financial assistance, and incorporates specific prohibitions of discrimination on the basis of disability from titles I, III, and V of the Americans with Disabilities Act. This rule, therefore, adopts the general prohibitions of discrimination established under section 504, as well as the requirements for making programs accessible to individuals with disabilities and for providing equally effective communications. It also sets forth standards for what constitutes discrimination on the basis of mental or physical disability, provides a definition of disability and qualified individual with a disability, and establishes a complaint mechanism for resolving allegations of discrimination.
本规则实施了《美国残疾人法案》(公法101 - 336)第二章A部分,该部分禁止公共实体基于残疾进行歧视。A部分保护符合条件的残疾人在所有州和地方政府的服务、项目或活动中免受基于残疾的歧视。它将1973年《康复法案》第504节所规定的对联邦援助项目中歧视行为的禁止扩展至州和地方政府的所有活动,包括那些未接受联邦财政援助的活动,并纳入了《美国残疾人法案》第一、三、五章中关于基于残疾的歧视的具体禁止规定。因此,本规则采用了第504节规定的一般性歧视禁止条款,以及使项目便于残疾人使用和提供同等有效沟通的要求。它还规定了构成基于精神或身体残疾的歧视的标准,给出了残疾和符合条件的残疾人的定义,并建立了一个投诉机制以解决歧视指控。