Matson C C, Holleman W L, Nosek M, Wilkinson W
Department of Family Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77005.
J Fam Pract. 1993 Feb;36(2):201-6.
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, government services, public accommodations, public transportation, and telecommunications. This article reviews the impact of the law on the practice of family physicians. Pre-employment medical evaluations are prohibited by law, but medical evaluations may be performed after an offer of employment and before job assignment has been made. Employment may be conditional on results only if medical confidentiality is protected, and exclusionary criteria are job related, applied universally, and do not discriminate against individuals with disabilities. The law provides that persons with disabilities will have equal access to medical care, through prohibiting discrimination based on disability and through the design and construction of medical offices. The law requires physicians who are covered by the law to make reasonable accommodations so that qualified employees and applicants can perform the essential functions of a job.
1990年的《美国残疾人法案》禁止在就业、政府服务、公共住宿、公共交通和电信领域歧视残疾人。本文回顾了该法律对家庭医生执业的影响。法律禁止入职前的医学评估，但可以在录用后且在进行工作分配前进行医学评估。只有在保护医疗保密的情况下，就业才可以取决于评估结果，并且排除标准与工作相关、普遍适用且不歧视残疾人。该法律规定，通过禁止基于残疾的歧视以及通过医疗办公室的设计和建设，残疾人将有平等的医疗保健机会。该法律要求受该法律涵盖的医生做出合理的调整，以便合格的员工和申请人能够履行工作的基本职责。
