Laing A, Marnoch G, McKee L, Joshi R, Reid J
Department of Management Studies, University of Aberdeen, UK.
J Manag Med. 1997;11(2-3):71-87. doi: 10.1108/02689239710177701.
The concept of the primary health-care team involving an increasingly diverse range of health care professionals is widely recognized as central to the pursuit of a primary care-led health service in the UK. Although GPs are formally recognized as the team leaders, there is little by way of policy prescription as to how team roles and relationships should be developed, or evidence as to how their roles have in fact evolved. Thus the notion of the primary health-care team while commonly employed, is in reality lacking definition with the current contribution of practice managers to the operation of this team being poorly understood. Focusing on the career backgrounds of practice managers, their range of responsibilities, and their involvement in innovation in general practice, presents a preliminary account of a chief scientist office-funded project examining the role being played by practice managers in primary health-care innovation. More specifically, utilizing data gained from the ongoing study, contextualizes the role played by practice managers in the primary health-care team. By exploring the business environment surrounding the NHS general practice, the research seeks to understand the evolving world of the practice manager. Drawing on questionnaire data, reinforced by qualitative data from the current interview phase, describes the role played by practice managers in differing practice contexts. This facilitates a discussion of a set of ideal type general practice organizational and managerial structures. Discusses the relationships and skills required by practice managers in each of these organizational types with reference to data gathered to date in the research.
在英国，涉及越来越多不同类型医疗保健专业人员的初级医疗保健团队概念，被广泛认为是追求以初级保健为主导的医疗服务的核心。尽管全科医生被正式认可为团队领导者，但对于团队角色和关系应如何发展，几乎没有政策规定，也没有关于其角色实际上如何演变的证据。因此，初级医疗保健团队的概念虽然常用，但实际上缺乏明确的定义，目前实践经理对该团队运作的贡献也 poorly understood。关注实践经理的职业背景、他们的职责范围以及他们在全科医疗中的创新参与情况，初步介绍了一个由首席科学家办公室资助的项目，该项目研究实践经理在初级医疗保健创新中所扮演的角色。更具体地说，利用从正在进行的研究中获得的数据，将实践经理在初级医疗保健团队中所扮演的角色置于背景中。通过探索国民保健服务全科医疗周围的商业环境，该研究旨在了解实践经理不断变化的世界。借鉴问卷调查数据，并辅以当前访谈阶段的定性数据，描述了实践经理在不同实践背景中所扮演的角色。这有助于讨论一组理想类型的全科医疗组织和管理结构。参考研究中迄今收集的数据，讨论了每种这些组织类型中实践经理所需的关系和技能。
