Weingärtner T, Hassfeld S, Dillmann R
University of Karlsruhe, Department for Computer Science, Germany.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 1998;50:329-35.
The jaw is one of the most complex joints in the human body. Its sliding and gliding movements are difficult to understand. Therefore, up to now there exist only mechanical simulations. But there is a strong need for a computer model of the jaw--the virtual jaw--to support physicians and surgeons in diagnoses and preoperative planning. During the preoperative planning of craniofacial operations for example, individual patient data has to be examined and the operation has to be simulated. In the education of physicians such a simulation system gives a much better understanding of the anatomy and functionality of the jaw than static images in text books do. The paper presents a 3D simulation of the human mastication apparatus which can be used for the preoperative planning of craniofacial surgeries as well as the education of dentists and surgeons. It consists of three interacting components: A kinematic model which defines the constraints of the articulation, a model for the mastication muscles and a 3D graphical interface.
颌骨是人体最复杂的关节之一。其滑动和滑行运动很难理解。因此，到目前为止只有机械模拟。但迫切需要一个颌骨的计算机模型——虚拟颌骨——来辅助医生和外科医生进行诊断和术前规划。例如，在颅面手术的术前规划中，必须检查个体患者数据并模拟手术过程。在医生的培训中，这样的模拟系统比教科书里的静态图像能让他们更好地了解颌骨的解剖结构和功能。本文介绍了一种人体咀嚼器官的三维模拟，可用于颅面外科手术的术前规划以及牙医和外科医生的培训。它由三个相互作用的组件组成：一个定义关节运动约束的运动学模型、一个咀嚼肌模型和一个三维图形界面。
