Gittelsohn J, Evans M, Helitzer D, Anliker J, Story M, Metcalfe L, Davis S, Iron Cloud P
Center for Human Nutrition, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205-2179, USA.
Health Educ Res. 1998 Jun;13(2):251-65. doi: 10.1093/her/13.2.251.
This paper describes how formative research was developed and implemented to produce obesity prevention interventions among school children in six different Native American nations that are part of the Pathways study. The formative assessment work presented here was unique in several ways: (1) it represents the first time formative research methods have been applied across multiple Native American tribes; (2) it is holistic, including data collection from parents, children, teachers, administrators and community leaders; and (3) it was developed by a multi-disciplinary group, including substantial input from Native American collaborators. The paper describes the process of developing the different units of the protocol, how data collection was implemented and how analyses were structured around the identification of risk behaviors. An emphasis is placed on describing which units of the formative assessment protocol were most effective and which were less effective.
本文描述了如何开展和实施形成性研究，以在“途径研究”项目中的六个不同美洲原住民部落的学童中开展预防肥胖干预措施。此处呈现的形成性评估工作在几个方面具有独特性：（1）这是首次在多个美洲原住民部落应用形成性研究方法；（2）它是全面的，包括从家长、儿童、教师、管理人员和社区领袖那里收集数据；（3）它由一个多学科团队开发，美洲原住民合作者提供了大量投入。本文描述了制定方案不同单元的过程、数据收集的实施方式以及围绕风险行为识别构建分析的方式。重点在于描述形成性评估方案的哪些单元最有效，哪些效果较差。
