Lloyd L S, Winch P, Ortega-Canto J, Kendall C
Center for International Community-Based Health Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Apr;50(4):401-11. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.401.
This report describes the process used to develop locally appropriate educational materials and to implement the education component of a community-based Aedes aegypti control program in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. The process is broken into five stages: formative research, developing recommendations for behavior change, development of educational messages, development and production of educational materials, and distribution of the materials. Appropriate terminology and taxonomies for dengue were obtained from open in-depth interviews; baseline data from a knowledge, beliefs, and practices questionnaire served to confirm this information. A larval survey of house lots was carried out to identify the Ae. aegypti larval production sites found on individual house lots. This enabled the program to target the most important larval habitats. Community groups were organized to work on the development of messages and production of the educational materials to be used. The education intervention was successful in stimulating changes in both knowledge and behavior, which were measured in the evaluations of the intervention. To be successful, community-based strategies must be flexible and adapted to the local setting because of ecologic, cultural, and social differences between localities.
本报告描述了在墨西哥尤卡坦州梅里达市开发适合当地的教育材料以及实施基于社区的埃及伊蚊控制项目教育部分所采用的过程。该过程分为五个阶段：形成性研究、制定行为改变建议、制定教育信息、开发和制作教育材料以及分发材料。通过开放式深入访谈获得了登革热的适当术语和分类法；来自知识、信念和实践问卷的基线数据用于确认这些信息。对房屋地块进行了幼虫调查，以确定在各个房屋地块上发现的埃及伊蚊幼虫滋生地。这使得该项目能够针对最重要的幼虫栖息地。组织了社区团体来制定信息并制作将使用的教育材料。教育干预成功地激发了知识和行为的变化，这些变化在干预评估中得到了衡量。要取得成功，基于社区的策略必须灵活并适应当地情况，因为不同地区存在生态、文化和社会差异。
