Konde-Lule J K, Sewankambo N, Morris M
Institute of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Health Transit Rev. 1997;7 Suppl:89-100.
Information on 861 adolescents shows that in 1991 36 per cent reported having been sexually active in the previous 12 months, but only 6.2 per cent had ever used a condom (11% males, 2.4% females). The HIV infection rate was 5.9 per cent overall, 0.8 per cent in males and 9.9 per cent in females. The proportion sexually active and the rate of HIV infection rise with age. The annual incidence of HIV infection was 2.0 per 100 person-years of follow-up among all adolescents, 0.8 in males and 3.0 in females. The annual mortality rate among HIV-negative adolescents was 0.37 per cent versus 3.92 per cent among the HIV-positive adolescents, a rate ratio of 10.6. Sexual network data were collected on 389 adolescents aged 15-19 years of whom 55 per cent were sexually active. The median age of first sexual intercourse was 15 years in either sex. The 214 adolescents reported 339 sexual relationships of which 38.5 per cent were with spouses, 36 per cent with boy or girl friends and 21 per cent with 'friends'. There were 52 concurrent sexual relationships reported by 35 adolescents. Males report higher rates of concurrent sexual relationships than females. The sexual partners of boys were mainly younger students and housemaids while the girls' partners were mainly older traders and salaried workers. Adolescents in this community report high rates of sexual activity and have complex sexual networks. They probably are important in the dynamics of HIV infection.
对861名青少年的调查信息显示，1991年有36%的人报告在过去12个月内有过性行为，但只有6.2%的人曾经使用过避孕套（男性为11%，女性为2.4%）。总体艾滋病毒感染率为5.9%，男性为0.8%，女性为9.9%。有性行为的比例和艾滋病毒感染率随年龄增长而上升。在所有青少年中，艾滋病毒感染的年发病率为每100人年随访2.0例，男性为0.8例，女性为3.0例。艾滋病毒阴性青少年的年死亡率为0.37%，而艾滋病毒阳性青少年为3.92%，比率为10.6。收集了389名15至19岁青少年的性网络数据，其中55%有性行为。首次性交的中位年龄在男女中均为15岁。214名青少年报告了339段性关系，其中38.5%是与配偶，36%是与男女朋友，21%是与“朋友”。35名青少年报告了52段同时存在的性关系。男性报告的同时存在性关系的比例高于女性。男孩的性伴侣主要是较年轻的学生和女佣，而女孩的伴侣主要是年龄较大的商人及受薪工人。该社区的青少年报告性行为发生率很高，且有复杂的性网络。他们可能在艾滋病毒感染动态中起重要作用。
