Appen R E, Hutson C F
Postgrad Med. 1976 Oct;60(4):223-5, 237.
Patients with eye injuries caused by foreign materials are often seen by the primary physician. The causative agents may be foreign objects, noxious liquids or vapors, ultraviolet irradiation, or contact lenses. Injuries caused by foreign bodies that do not penetrate the outer coats of the eye can be treated by the nonspecialist; the intraocular presence of an object requires prompt referral to an ophthalmologist. Ultraviolet light irradiation and contact lenses worn for a prolonged period cause a great deal of pain to the eye but injury is not serious and the eye heals well. Injury from chemicals may be moderate or severe; if pain and functional impairment persist after copious irrigation of the eye with sterile saline solution, the patient should be referred to an ophthalmologist.
基层医生经常会诊治因异物导致眼部受伤的患者。致病因素可能是异物、有害液体或蒸汽、紫外线照射或隐形眼镜。未穿透眼球外层的异物所致损伤可由非专科医生处理；眼内有异物则需要迅速转诊给眼科医生。紫外线照射和长时间佩戴隐形眼镜会给眼睛带来很大疼痛，但损伤并不严重，眼睛愈合良好。化学物质造成的损伤可能为中度或重度；如果用无菌盐溶液充分冲洗眼睛后疼痛和功能障碍仍持续存在，患者应转诊给眼科医生。
