Skehan S J, Rasmussen F, Gibney R G, Lindequist S, Moller-Nielsen S, Svaland M G, Kampenes V B, Bjartveit K, Greaney T, Carlsen S D, Masterson J
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Vincent's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Br J Radiol. 1998 Sep;71(849):910-7. doi: 10.1259/bjr.71.849.10195003.
A prospective, double-blind study of 392 patients randomized into four groups was performed to establish whether diagnostic intravenous urograms could be obtained with a lower dose of iodine when using the dimeric, non-ionic contrast medium iodixanol compared with the monomeric, non-ionic iohexol. Patients received iodixanol or iohexol containing either 9 or 12 g of iodine (gI). The primary parameter was the diagnostic quality of the 6 min film, assessed in a blinded fashion, by consensus, by four radiologists. Iodixanol at both doses was diagnostic in over 90% of cases. Iohexol was only diagnostic in 74% (9 gI) and 81.8% (12 gI). Pairwise comparisons revealed that iodixanol 9 gI was significantly better than both iohexol 9 gI (p = 0.0005) and 12 gI (p = 0.014). No significant difference was present for different doses within the same contrast medium group. Iodixanol resulted in poorer bladder distension than iohexol. Iodixanol caused significantly less discomfort than iohexol.
对392例患者进行了一项前瞻性双盲研究，这些患者被随机分为四组，目的是确定与单体非离子型碘海醇相比，使用二聚体非离子型造影剂碘克沙醇时，能否用更低剂量的碘获得诊断性静脉肾盂造影。患者接受含9克或12克碘（gI）的碘克沙醇或碘海醇。主要参数是6分钟胶片的诊断质量，由四名放射科医生以盲法、通过共识进行评估。两种剂量的碘克沙醇在90%以上的病例中具有诊断价值。碘海醇在9克碘（gI）组和12克碘（gI）组的诊断率分别仅为74%和81.8%。成对比较显示，9克碘（gI）的碘克沙醇明显优于9克碘（gI）的碘海醇（p = 0.0005）和12克碘（gI）的碘海醇（p = 0.014）。同一造影剂组内不同剂量之间无显著差异。碘克沙醇导致的膀胱扩张程度比碘海醇差。碘克沙醇引起不适明显少于碘海醇。
