Juárez-Figueroa L, Uribe-Salas F, Conde-Glez C, Hernández-Avila M, Olamendi-Portugal M, Uribe-Zúñiga P, Calderón E
National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Sex Transm Infect. 1998 Dec;74(6):448-50. doi: 10.1136/sti.74.6.448.
To estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers in female sex workers (FSW) in Mexico City.
The study population consisted of 1498 FSW who attended a detection centre for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Mexico City, between January and October 1992. Study participants responded to a standardised questionnaire and provided a blood sample for serology of syphilis, HIV, and HBV.
A total of 0.2% (95% CI 0.1-0.3) of the population were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. The general prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was 6.3% (95% CI 5.5-7.1). This marker of previous exposition to HBV, was independently associated by logistic regression multivariate analysis with age, working in the street, and history of blood transfusion (BT) before 1987 (OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.1-11.3). Syphilis prevalence was 7.6% (95% CI 6.2-8.9) and HIV prevalence was 0.1% (95% CI 0-0.3).
The prevalence of HBV infection in this group of Mexican FSW is lower than previously reported in other countries. In addition, the frequency of HBsAg carriers is similar to that in the general Mexican population. The absence of two major risk factors for HBV transmission in this group of FSW--that is, injecting drug use and anal intercourse, could help to explain this finding. However, the positive association between anti-HBc and history of blood transfusion demonstrated here, highlights the need to reinforce strict control of blood supplies in Mexico.
评估墨西哥城女性性工作者（FSW）中乙肝病毒（HBV）血清学标志物的流行率及相关危险因素。
研究人群包括1992年1月至10月间前往墨西哥城一家人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测中心的1498名女性性工作者。研究参与者回答了一份标准化问卷，并提供了一份血液样本用于梅毒、HIV和HBV的血清学检测。
共有0.2%（95%可信区间0.1 - 0.3）的人群为乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者。乙肝核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）的总体流行率为6.3%（95%可信区间5.5 - 7.1）。这种既往接触HBV的标志物，经多因素逻辑回归分析，与年龄、街头工作以及1987年前的输血史（BT）独立相关（比值比4.8，95%可信区间2.1 - 11.3）。梅毒流行率为7.6%（95%可信区间6.2 - 8.9），HIV流行率为0.1%（95%可信区间0 - 0.3）。
这组墨西哥女性性工作者中HBV感染的流行率低于其他国家此前报道的水平。此外，HBsAg携带者的频率与墨西哥普通人群相似。这组女性性工作者中缺乏HBV传播的两个主要危险因素，即注射吸毒和肛交，可能有助于解释这一发现。然而，此处显示的抗-HBc与输血史之间的正相关关系，凸显了在墨西哥加强对血液供应严格管控的必要性。
