Roberge R J, Hirani K H, Rowland P L, Berkeley R, Krenzelok E P
Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh 15224, USA.
J Emerg Med. 1999 Mar-Apr;17(2):285-8. doi: 10.1016/s0736-4679(98)00193-0.
Pseudoephedrine and dextromethorphan are therapeutic constituents of numerous commonly used, over-the-counter cough and cold preparations. Although this drug combination is generally considered quite safe if utilized in recommended doses, overmedication or overdose can result in serious neurologic and cardiovascular abnormalities that occasionally can be life-threatening. We present a case of a 2-year-old child who developed hyperirritability, psychosis, and ataxia after being overmedicated with a pseudoephedrine/dextromethorphan combination cough preparation, and discuss probable mechanisms of toxicity and risk factors for adverse events.
伪麻黄碱和右美沙芬是众多常用非处方止咳和感冒药中的治疗成分。虽然这种药物组合如果按推荐剂量使用通常被认为相当安全，但用药过量或超量可能导致严重的神经和心血管异常，偶尔甚至会危及生命。我们报告一例2岁儿童，在过量服用含有伪麻黄碱/右美沙芬组合的止咳制剂后出现易激惹、精神错乱和共济失调，并讨论了可能的毒性机制和不良事件的风险因素。
