Lohman T G, Caballero B, Himes J H, Hunsberger S, Reid R, Stewart D, Skipper B
Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):764S-766S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.764S.
Although the high prevalence of obesity in American Indian children was documented in several surveys that used body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) as the measure, there is limited information on more direct measurements of body adiposity in this population. The present study evaluated body composition in 81 boys (aged 11.2+/-0.6 y) and 75 girls (aged 11.0+/-0.4 y) attending public schools in 6 American Indian communities: White Mountain Apache, Pima, and Tohono O'Odham in Arizona; Oglala Lakota and Sicangu Lakota in South Dakota; and Navajo in New Mexico and Arizona. These communities were participating in the feasibility phase of Pathways, a multicenter intervention for the primary prevention of obesity. Body composition was estimated by using a combination of skinfold thickness and bioelectrical impedance measurements, with a prediction equation validated previously in this same population. The mean BMI was 20.4+/-4.2 for boys and 21.1+/-5.0 for girls. The sum of the triceps plus subscapular skinfold thicknesses averaged 28.6+/-7.0 mm in boys and 34.0+/-8.0 mm in girls. Mean percentage body fat was 35.6+/-6.9 in boys and 38.8+/-8.5 in girls. The results from this study confirmed the high prevalence of excess body fatness in school-age American Indian children and permitted the development of procedures, training, and quality control for measurement of the main outcome variable in the full-scale Pathways study.
尽管多项使用体重指数（BMI，单位为kg/m²）作为衡量指标的调查记录了美国印第安儿童中肥胖的高患病率，但关于该人群更直接的身体脂肪测量信息有限。本研究评估了来自6个美国印第安社区公立学校的81名男孩（年龄11.2±0.6岁）和75名女孩（年龄11.0±0.4岁）的身体成分：亚利桑那州的白山阿帕奇族、皮马族和托霍诺奥哈姆族；南达科他州的奥格拉拉·拉科塔族和锡坎古·拉科塔族；以及新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍族。这些社区参与了“路径”项目的可行性阶段，该项目是一项预防肥胖的多中心干预措施。通过结合皮褶厚度测量和生物电阻抗测量来估计身体成分，并使用先前在同一人群中验证过的预测方程。男孩的平均BMI为20.4±4.2，女孩为21.1±5.0。男孩三头肌加肩胛下皮褶厚度之和平均为28.6±7.0毫米，女孩为34.0±8.0毫米。男孩的平均体脂百分比为35.6±6.9，女孩为38.8±8.5。本研究结果证实了学龄美国印第安儿童中身体脂肪过多的高患病率，并为全面“路径”研究中主要结局变量的测量制定了程序、培训和质量控制方法。
