Stevens J, Cornell C E, Story M, French S A, Levin S, Becenti A, Gittelsohn J, Going S B, Reid R
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):773S-781S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.773S.
One aim of the Pathways study is to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of American Indian children in grades 3-5 regarding physical activity and diet in. This article describes the development of a culturally sensitive, age-appropriate questionnaire to assess these variables. The questionnaire was designed to be administered in the classroom in two 30-min sessions. Questions were developed to assess 4 key areas: physical activity, diet, weight-related attitudes, and cultural identity. Potential questions were written after review of relevant literature and existing questionnaires. Numerous and extensive revisions were made in response to input from structured, semistructured, and informal data collection. Questions were pretested in 32 children in grades 3-5 by using semistructured interviews. Test-retest reliability and the internal consistency of scales were examined in 371 fourth-grade children and subsequently in 145 fourth-grade children. Questions were reviewed by American Indians from the communities involved in the Pathways study several times during the developmental process. The process described here serves as one model for the development of a culturally appropriate tool to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in American Indian children.
“途径”研究的一个目标是提高美国印第安3至5年级儿童在体育活动和饮食方面的知识、态度及行为。本文描述了一份针对这些变量、具有文化敏感性且适合相应年龄段的问卷的编制过程。该问卷设计为在课堂上分两个30分钟时段进行发放。所提问题旨在评估4个关键领域：体育活动、饮食、与体重相关的态度以及文化认同。在查阅相关文献和现有问卷后拟定了可能的问题。针对结构化、半结构化及非正式数据收集所提供的意见进行了大量广泛的修订。通过半结构化访谈，在32名3至5年级儿童中对问题进行了预测试。在371名四年级儿童中，随后又在145名四年级儿童中检验了重测信度和量表的内部一致性。在问卷编制过程中，参与“途径”研究的社区中的美国印第安人对问题进行了多次审核。此处所描述的过程为开发一种评估美国印第安儿童知识、态度及行为的文化适宜工具提供了一个范例。
