Eichholzer M, Lüthy J, Gutzwiller F
Bundesamt für Gesundheit, Fachstelle Ernährung, Bern.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 Mar 6;129(9):353-61.
In many western countries more than half of the population is considered overweight (BMI > or = 25).
Data from the first national representative health survey for Switzerland (conducted 1992/93), including 7930 men and 7358 women (response rate 71%) aged 15 and over, were used. Means and percentiles of body weight, body height and BMI were calculated for men and women of different age groups. Overweight was defined as a BMI > or = 25, graded as overweight grade I (25.00-29.99), grade II (30.00-39.99), and grade III (BMI > or = 40.00) and analyzed according to gender, age, etc.
Mean values for height decreases with increasing age, and body weight increases up to the age of 55-64 years in men and women. BMI values of all percentiles and age groups are lower for women than for men with the exception of age groups of 55 years or older and the 90 percentile. The prevalence of grade I overweight is 33.1% for men and 17.1% for women, of grade II overweight 5.8% and 4.5%, and of grade III overweight 0.3% and 0.2% respectively. Overall prevalence of overweight is 21.8% for women and 39.2% for men. Increasing age is associated with a higher prevalence of overweight. The prevalence of overweight in men increases with age up to 55-64 years, then levels off. In women, prevalence continues to rise. Overweight is more common in men of all age groups than in women.
Periodic studies of the national prevalence of overweight are essential for monitoring the magnitude, and changes in the magnitude, of this serious public health problem.
在许多西方国家，超过半数的人口被认为超重（体重指数≥25）。
采用来自瑞士首次全国代表性健康调查（于1992/93年开展）的数据，其中包括7930名男性和7358名女性（应答率71%），年龄在15岁及以上。计算了不同年龄组男性和女性的体重、身高及体重指数的均值和百分位数。超重定义为体重指数≥25，分为超重I级（25.00 - 29.99）、II级（30.00 - 39.99）和III级（体重指数≥40.00），并按性别、年龄等进行分析。
身高均值随年龄增长而下降，体重在男性和女性中均增长至55 - 64岁。除55岁及以上年龄组和第90百分位数外，所有百分位数和年龄组的女性体重指数值均低于男性。超重I级的患病率男性为33.1%，女性为17.1%；超重II级分别为5.8%和4.5%；超重III级分别为0.3%和0.2%。超重的总体患病率女性为21.8%，男性为39.2%。年龄增长与超重患病率升高相关。男性超重患病率随年龄增长至55 - 64岁，然后趋于平稳。在女性中，患病率持续上升。所有年龄组男性超重均比女性更常见。
定期开展全国超重患病率研究对于监测这一严重公共卫生问题的规模及其变化至关重要。
