Hasan H, Mason P
Phys Med Biol. 1978 Sep;23(5):917-27. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/23/5/008.
A technique is described for measuring the propagation velocity of a mechanical pulse along a muscle. The pulse is generated and detected by piezoelectric crystals (bimorph benders). Measurement of the time delay for a known crystal separation gives the propagation velocity v (of the order of 100 m s-1) from which the Young's modulus is calculated. Primary results for elastic moduli of frog and toad muscles at 5 degrees C are: 2.6 X 10(6) N m-2 at rest, 3.1 X 10(7) N m-2 in tetanus and 2.1 X 10(7) N m-2 in rigor. Exploratory experiments are also described showing the application of the technique to (i) the development of tetanus, (ii) variation with sarcomere length and (iii) the mechanics of rigor. The pulse technique gives an almost instantaneous measurement of the purely elastic response of a muscle and is thereby of value in basic studies of the mechanism of contraction. It is also a useful non-destructive probe in following the effects of such variables as temperature, fatigue or chemical treatments.
本文描述了一种测量机械脉冲沿肌肉传播速度的技术。该脉冲由压电晶体（双压电晶片弯曲器）产生和检测。通过测量已知晶体间距的时间延迟，可得出传播速度v（约为100 m s-1），并据此计算杨氏模量。青蛙和蟾蜍肌肉在5摄氏度时弹性模量的初步结果如下：静息时为2.6×10(6) N m-2，强直收缩时为3.1×10(7) N m-2，尸僵时为2.1×10(7) N m-2。还描述了探索性实验，展示了该技术在以下方面的应用：（i）强直收缩的发展，（ii）随肌节长度的变化，以及（iii）尸僵的力学原理。脉冲技术几乎能即时测量肌肉的纯弹性反应，因此在收缩机制的基础研究中具有重要价值。在研究温度、疲劳或化学处理等变量的影响时，它也是一种有用的无损探测手段。
