Schokman C P, Rutishauser I H, Wallace R J
Schools of Human Movement, Nutrition and Public Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1999 Mar;9(1):60-9. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.9.1.60.
This study describes pre- and postcompetition mean energy and macro nutrient intakes of 40 elite Australian Football players. Carbohydrate intake, expressed both as a percentage of total energy intake (En%) and as grams per kilogram of body mass (g/kg BM). Pregame carbohydrate intake (53.6% En) was significantly greater (p < .01) than postgame (49.7% En). However, expressed as g/kg BM, pre- and postgame macronutrient intakes did not differ significantly. Protein and fat intakes (as g/kg BM) fell within guidelines, whereas energy intake (13.2 MJ/day or 153.8 kJ/kg BM) was lower than expected. Results suggest that for athletes engaging in endurance team sports where body mass and energy requirements vary considerably, carbohydrate recommendations are more appropriately expressed as g/kg BM rather than En %.
本研究描述了40名澳大利亚精英足球运动员在比赛前后的平均能量和常量营养素摄入量。碳水化合物摄入量，既以占总能量摄入量的百分比（能量百分比，En%）表示，也以每千克体重的克数（g/kg体重，BM）表示。赛前碳水化合物摄入量（53.6% En）显著高于赛后（49.7% En）（p <.01）。然而，以g/kg BM表示时，赛前和赛后的常量营养素摄入量没有显著差异。蛋白质和脂肪摄入量（以g/kg BM计）符合指导标准，而能量摄入量（13.2 MJ/天或153.8 kJ/kg BM）低于预期。结果表明，对于从事耐力团队运动、体重和能量需求差异很大的运动员，碳水化合物的推荐摄入量更适合以g/kg BM而不是En%来表示。
