Rico-Sanz J, Frontera W R, Molé P A, Rivera M A, Rivera-Brown A, Meredith C N
Department of Exercise Science, University of California, Davis, USA.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1998 Sep;8(3):230-40. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.8.3.230.
This study examined the nutritional and performance status of elite soccer players during intense training. Eight male players (age 17+/-2 years) of the Puerto Rican Olympic Team recorded daily activities and food intake over 12 days. Daily energy expenditure was 3,833+/-571 (SD) kcal, and energy intake was 3,952+/-1,071 kcal, of which 53.2+/-6.2% (8.3 g x kg BW(-1)) was from carbohydrates (CHO), 32.4+/-4.0% from fat, and 14.4+/-2.3% from protein. With the exception of calcium, all micronutrients examined were in accordance with dietary guidelines. Body fat was 7.6+/-1.1% of body weight. Time to completion of three runs of the soccer-specific test was 37.65+/-0.62 s, and peak torques of the knee flexors and extensors at 60 degrees x s(-1) were 139+/-6 and 225+/-9 N x m, respectively. Players' absolute amounts of CHO seemed to be above the minimum recommended intake to maximize glycogen storage, but calcium intakes were below recommended. Their body fat was unremarkable, and they had a comparatively good capacity to endure repeated bouts of intense soccer-specific exercise and to exert force with their knee extensors and flexors.
本研究调查了精英足球运动员在高强度训练期间的营养和体能状况。波多黎各奥运队的八名男性球员（年龄17±2岁）记录了12天内的日常活动和食物摄入量。每日能量消耗为3833±571（标准差）千卡，能量摄入量为3952±1071千卡，其中53.2±6.2%（8.3克/千克体重）来自碳水化合物（CHO），32.4±4.0%来自脂肪，14.4±2.3%来自蛋白质。除钙外，所有检测的微量营养素均符合饮食指南。体脂占体重的7.6±1.1%。完成三次足球专项测试的时间为37.65±0.62秒，膝关节屈肌和伸肌在60度/秒时的峰值扭矩分别为139±6牛·米和225±9牛·米。球员的碳水化合物绝对摄入量似乎高于为使糖原储备最大化而建议的最低摄入量，但钙摄入量低于建议值。他们的体脂情况不显著，并且具有相对较好的能力来承受反复的高强度足球专项运动，以及通过膝关节伸肌和屈肌发力。
