Holdsworth S R, Kitching A R, Tipping P G
Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1198-216. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00369.x.
The recognition that human immune responses can be directed by two different subsets of T helper cells (Th1 and Th2) has been an important development in modern immunology. Immune responses polarized by either the Th1 or Th2 subset predominance result in different inflammatory effector pathways and disease outcomes. Many autoimmune diseases are associated with either Th1- or Th2- polarized immune responses. Although these different immune response patterns are relevant to glomerulonephritis (GN), little attention has been paid to the consequences of Th1 or Th2 predominance of nephritogenic immune responses for the pattern and outcome of GN. Unlike other autoimmune conditions, GN results from a variety of different immune responses and has a range of histologic features and immune effectors in glomeruli. This review assesses the data available from studies of experimental and human GN that address the Th1 or Th2 predominance of nephritogenic immune responses and their relevance to the different histopathological patterns and outcomes of GN. In particular, the evidence that Th1-predominant nephritogenic immune responses are associated with severe proliferative and crescentic GN is presented.
认识到人类免疫反应可由两种不同的辅助性T细胞亚群（Th1和Th2）介导，这是现代免疫学的一项重要进展。由Th1或Th2亚群优势极化的免疫反应会导致不同的炎症效应途径和疾病结局。许多自身免疫性疾病与Th1或Th2极化的免疫反应相关。尽管这些不同的免疫反应模式与肾小球肾炎（GN）相关，但对于致肾炎性免疫反应中Th1或Th2优势对GN的模式和结局的影响却很少受到关注。与其他自身免疫性疾病不同，GN由多种不同的免疫反应引起，并且在肾小球中具有一系列组织学特征和免疫效应器。本综述评估了来自实验性和人类GN研究的现有数据，这些数据涉及致肾炎性免疫反应的Th1或Th2优势及其与GN不同组织病理学模式和结局的相关性。特别是，本文介绍了Th1优势的致肾炎性免疫反应与严重增殖性和新月体性GN相关的证据。
