Durfy S J, Bowen D J, McTiernan A, Sporleder J, Burke W
Department of Medical History, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7120, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Apr;8(4 Pt 2):369-75.
This paper examines the knowledge, opinions, and predictors of interest in genetic testing for breast cancer risk in a demographically diverse group of women in western Washington who participated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of breast cancer risk counseling methods.
Four groups of women were surveyed, all with some family history of breast cancer: (a) 307 white women; (b) 36 African-American women; (c) 87 lesbian/bisexual women; and (d) 113 Ashkenazi Jewish women. As part of the baseline questionnaire for the RCT, participants were asked about their familiarity with genetic testing for breast cancer risk, their interest in such testing and opinions of it, and actions they anticipated based on test results.
Women in all four groups favored ready access to testing, believed the decision to be tested should be a personal choice, believed that genetic test results should stay confidential, and were not greatly concerned that this might not be possible. Women anticipated using such genetic test results to increase the frequency of various breast cancer screening methods (in all four groups, > 69% would increase mammogram frequency, > 85% would increase clinician exam, and > 92% would increase breast self exam). Women overwhelmingly rejected prophylactic surgery as a preventive measure (in all > 80% probably or definitely would not consider it). Significant predictors of interest in genetic testing for cancer risk included perceived risk, cancer worry, and beliefs about access to testing.
These data will be of interest to health care providers, payers, public health professionals, legislators, and others as they consider issues associated with population testing for susceptibility to common diseases such as breast cancer.
本文研究了华盛顿州西部一组人口统计学特征多样、参与乳腺癌风险咨询方法随机对照试验（RCT）的女性对乳腺癌风险基因检测的知识、看法及兴趣的预测因素。
对四组均有乳腺癌家族史的女性进行了调查：（a）307名白人女性；（b）36名非裔美国女性；（c）87名女同性恋/双性恋女性；（d）113名阿什肯纳兹犹太女性。作为RCT基线调查问卷的一部分，参与者被问及她们对乳腺癌风险基因检测的熟悉程度、对这种检测的兴趣及看法，以及她们基于检测结果预期会采取的行动。
所有四组女性都赞成能方便地进行检测，认为是否接受检测的决定应是个人选择，认为基因检测结果应保密，且不太担心这可能无法实现。女性预期会利用此类基因检测结果增加各种乳腺癌筛查方法的频率（在所有四组中，>69%的人会增加乳房X光检查频率，>85%的人会增加临床医生检查，>92%的人会增加乳房自我检查）。绝大多数女性拒绝将预防性手术作为预防措施（在所有组中，>80%的人可能或肯定不会考虑）。对癌症风险基因检测感兴趣的显著预测因素包括感知风险、癌症担忧以及对检测可及性的信念。
当医疗保健提供者、付款人、公共卫生专业人员、立法者及其他人员考虑与诸如乳腺癌等常见疾病易感性人群检测相关的问题时，这些数据将引起他们的兴趣。
