Cantani A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1999 Jan-Feb;9(1):14-20.
Allergic or immediate hypersensitivity reactions to natural rubber latex have been reported in children with increasing frequency in the last few years, although severe anaphylactic reactions are rare. Indubitably rubber has been employed in thousands and thousands of everyday products for over a century, yet only recently has natural rubber latex allergy been recognized as a substantial medical problem. Children with spina bifida undergoing multiple surgical procedures, as well healthy babies appear at high risk for natural rubber latex allergy, with life-threatening reactions reported during surgery or while playing with balloons. Skin prick testing is the preferred diagnostic method, especially in the prick by prick version. Parents of children with latex allergy should take caution that their babies avoid contact with rubber products, and that a latex-free environment is set during procedures. Since even minimal contact with natural rubber latex products may produce reactions, the primary treatment for latex allergy is avoidance. In this paper we review the new natural rubber latex allergens, as well as the cross-reactions regarding the latex-fruit syndrome since the recent characterization of a number of profilins has also greatly widened the number of possible reactions.
在过去几年中，天然橡胶乳胶引起的过敏或速发型超敏反应在儿童中的报告频率越来越高，尽管严重的过敏反应很少见。毫无疑问，橡胶已在成千上万的日常用品中使用了一个多世纪，但直到最近，天然橡胶乳胶过敏才被确认为一个重大的医学问题。患有脊柱裂并接受多次外科手术的儿童，以及健康婴儿似乎都有很高的天然橡胶乳胶过敏风险，据报道在手术期间或玩气球时会出现危及生命的反应。皮肤点刺试验是首选的诊断方法，尤其是逐点刺的版本。乳胶过敏儿童的父母应注意让他们的婴儿避免接触橡胶产品，并在手术过程中营造无乳胶环境。由于即使与天然橡胶乳胶产品的最小接触也可能产生反应，乳胶过敏的主要治疗方法是避免接触。在本文中，我们回顾了新的天然橡胶乳胶过敏原，以及乳胶-水果综合征的交叉反应，因为最近一些肌动蛋白结合蛋白的特性也大大增加了可能反应的数量。
