Millogo A, Ki-Zerbo G A, Sawadogo A B, Ouedraogo I, Yameogo A, Tamini M M, Peghini M
Service de médecine interne, Centre hospitalier national Souro Sanou, Burkina Faso.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1999 Feb;92(1):23-6.
Neurological manifestations of HIV infection are frequent and diverse. Diagnosis is often difficult due to geographical factors. 686 of the 3409 patients admitted to the Internal Medicine ward of Bobo-Dioulasso in 1995-1996 were HIV seropositive. This represents a prevalence of 20.1%. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 101 patients with neurological problems during the study period are reported in this paper. This case series represents 14% of the HIV-positive admissions. The mean age was 35.7 years and 43% of the cases were aged 30 to 40 years. Sex-ratio was 1.6 male for 1 female. Focal deficits were observed in 36 of cases. Peripheral neuropathy (37%), meningitis or meningoencephalitis (20%), fitting (8%) and myelitis (8%) were the other clinical presentations. The etiology of the focal deficits was not ascertained because of the lack of tomodensitometry, specific serology and necropsy. Any neurological manifestation in a HIV seropositive patient should prompt investigations in order to diagnose those infections which can be treated, especially Toxoplasma gondii abscess and Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis.
HIV感染的神经学表现常见且多样。由于地理因素，诊断往往困难。1995 - 1996年，在博博迪乌拉索内科病房收治的3409例患者中，686例HIV血清学呈阳性。这代表患病率为20.1%。本文报告了研究期间101例有神经问题患者的社会人口统计学和临床特征。该病例系列占HIV阳性入院患者的14%。平均年龄为35.7岁，43%的病例年龄在30至40岁之间。男女比例为1.6:1。36例出现局灶性缺损。周围神经病变（37%）、脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎（20%）、癫痫发作（8%）和脊髓炎（8%）是其他临床表现。由于缺乏断层扫描、特异性血清学检查和尸检，局灶性缺损的病因未明确。HIV血清学阳性患者出现任何神经学表现都应进行检查，以便诊断那些可治疗的感染，特别是弓形虫脓肿和新型隐球菌脑膜炎。
