Des Marchais J E
Faculté de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Fleurimont, Québec, Canada.
Therapie. 1999 Jan-Feb;54(1):171-81.
The traditional way of teaching of pharmacology is discussed in three parts. First two trends are presented that impact on the evolution of medical education. The first trend orients teaching toward instructional formats that solicit, and often require full student involvement. This is justified by the second trend: the organization of knowledge into long-term memory is built around semantic networks linked to the clinical context, thus facilitating recall in clinical practice. In the second part a method is presented which illustrates these principles: problem-based learning (PBL). The tutor's is role and roles where the onus is on the students are specified. The last part explores how PBL could be a more relevant method for teaching pharmacology, provided that three prerequisite assumptions are respected.
药理学的传统教学方式将分三个部分进行讨论。首先介绍影响医学教育发展的两大趋势。第一个趋势是将教学导向那些促使学生,且常常要求学生充分参与的教学形式。第二个趋势为此提供了依据:知识组织成长期记忆是围绕与临床背景相关的语义网络构建的,从而便于在临床实践中回忆。在第二部分,介绍了一种阐释这些原则的方法:基于问题的学习(PBL)。明确了导师的角色以及以学生为责任主体的角色。最后一部分探讨了如果尊重三个前提假设,PBL如何能成为更适用于药理学教学的方法。